Instantaneous Amplitude and Frequency Modulations Detect the Footprint of Rotational Activity and Reveal Stable Driver Regions as Targets for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Ablation

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St udy Design
The experimental group(s) have been clearly defined in the article, including number of animals in each experimental arm of the study.

Yes
An overall study timeline is provided. Yes The protocol was prospectively written Yes The primary and secondary endpoints are specified Yes For primary endpoints, a description is provided as to how the type I error multiplicity issue was addressed (e.g., correction for multiple comparisons was or was not used and why). (Note: correction for multiple comparisons is not necessary if the study was exploratory or hypothesis-generating in nature).

N/A
A description of the control group is provided including whether it matched the treated groups. Yes

Inclusion and Exclusion crit eria
Inclusion and exclusion criteria for enrollment into the study were defined and are reported in the manuscript.

Yes
These criteria were set a priori (before commencing the study). Yes

Randomiz at ion
Animals were randomly assigned to the experimental groups. N/A If random assignment was not used, adequate explanation has been provided. N/A Type and methods of randomization have been described. N/A Allocation concealment was used. N/A Methods used for allocation concealment have been reported. N/A

Blinding
Blinding procedures with regard to masking of group/treatment assignment from the experimenter were used and are described. The rationale for nonblinding of the experimenter has been provided, if such was not performed.

N/A
Blinding procedures with regard to masking of group assignment during outcome assessment were used and are described.

N/A
If blinding was not performed, the rationale for nonblinding of the person(s) analyzing outcome has been provided.

Sample siz e and power calculat ions
Formal sample size and power calculations were conducted before commencing the study based on a priori determined outcome(s) and treatment effect(s), and the data are reported.

N/A
If formal sample size and power calculation was not conducted, a rationale has been provided. N/A

Dat a Report ing
Baseline characteristics (species, sex, age, strain, chow, bedding, and source) of animals are reported.

Yes
The number of animals in each group that were randomized, tested, and excluded and that died is reported. If the experimentation involves repeated measurements, the number of animals assessed at each time point is provided is provided for all experimental groups.

Yes
Baseline data on assessed outcome(s) for all experimental groups are reported. N/A Details on important adverse events and death of animals during the course of the experiment are reported for all experimental groups.

Yes
Numeric data on outcomes are provided in the text or in a tabular format in the main article or as supplementary tables, in addition to the figures.

Yes
To the extent possible, data are reported as dot plots as opposed to bar graphs, especially for small sample size groups.

Yes
In the online Supplemental Material, methods are described in sufficient detail to enable full replication of the study.

St at ist ical met hods
The statistical methods used for each data set are described. Yes For each statistical test, the effect size with its standard error and P value is presented. Authors are encouraged to provide 95% confidence intervals for important comparisons.

Yes
Central tendency and dispersion of the data are examined, particularly for small data sets. Yes Nonparametric tests are used for data that are not normally distributed. Yes Two-sided P values are used. Yes In studies that are not exploratory or hypothesis-generating in nature, corrections for multiple hypotheses testing and multiple comparisons are performed.

N/A
In "negative" studies or null findings, the probability of a type II error is reported. N/A

Experiment al det ails, et hics, and funding st at ement s
Details on experimentation including formulation and dosage of therapeutic agent, site and route of administration, use of anesthesia and analgesia, temperature control during experimentation, and postprocedural monitoring are described.

Yes
Both male and female animals have been used. If not, the reason/justification is provided.