Expanding knowledge of American Cerambycidae (Coleoptera): new species, new records, and morphological variations

Abstract Four new species are described: Xystochroma luteotarsis sp. nov. (Cerambycinae, Callichromatini), from Ecuador; Psyrassa tysoni sp. nov. (Cerambycinae, Elaphidiini), from Guatemala; Bisaltes (Bisaltes) lateralis sp. nov. (Lamiinae, Apomecynini), from Ecuador; and Nagma hovorei sp. nov. (Lamiinae, Calliini), from Ecuador. A key to species of Xystochroma Schmidt, 1924 is provided and Psyrassa tysoni sp. nov. is included in a previous key. Variation in the pubescent pattern of Rosalba strandi (Breuning, 1943) is reported and the species is newly recorded for Paraguay. Chromatic variation in Cyrtinus umbus Martins & Galileo, 2009 (Lamiinae, Cyrtinini) is provided and the species is redescribed based on a dark specimen; a new province record (Puntarenas, Costa Rica) and a new country record (Panama) are included. Chromatic variation and sexual dimorphism in Phaea quadrimaculata Wappes & Santos-Silva, 2021 (Lamiinae, Tetraopini) is reported, and a new Mexican state record (Oaxaca) is provided.


INTRODUCTION
Xystochroma Schmidt, 1924 includes 13 species distributed from Mexico to southern South America; of these, only X. buprestoides (Bates, 1885) does not occur in South America and another three occur in Central and South America (Monné, 2023a;Tavakilian & Chevillotte, 2022;Bezark, 2023).We describe a new species from Ecuador.
Rosalba Thomson, 1864 is a large genus of Apomecynini with 60 known species distributed from Central America to southern South America, including the Caribbean (Monné, 2023b;Tavakilian & Chevillotte, 2022;Bezark, 2023).We report variation in the pubescent pattern of Rosalba strandi (Breuning, 1943) and record the species from Paraguay.

MATERIAL AND METHODS
Photographs were taken at MZSP with a Canon EOS TD Mark II camera, Canon MP-E 65 mm f/2.8 1-5× macro lens, controlled by Zerene Stacker Head (Fig. 1D): Inferior region of frons and postclypeus abundantly, finely punctate, except smooth sides of postclypeus; central region of frons slightly tumid, somewhat transversely rugose on each side of median groove; sides longitudinally, widely, somewhat shallowly sulcate from before middle to base of antennal tubercles, carina-shaped from clypeus to antennal tubercles; central region sparsely, finely punctate; lateral sulcate area abundantly, minutely punctate; superior region densely, minutely punctate.Median groove distinct from near clypeus to area between antennal tubercles.Area between antennal tubercles, smooth, glabrous on each side of median groove, and densely, minutely punctate laterally; area between upper eye lobes with smooth, glabrous diamond-shaped area centrally, densely, minutely punctate, with abundant blackish pubescence laterally.Remaining surface with sculpturing and pubescence as sides of area between upper eye lobes, except abundantly, coarsely rugose-punctate, glabrous area close to prothorax.Area behind upper eye lobes with sculpturing and pubescence as on posterior region of vertex close to it, finely, sparsely punctate, glabrous close to eye toward inferior region, rugose-punctate, glabrous close to prothorax toward inferior region.Area behind lower eye lobes coarsely rugose-punctate, glabrous, except finely rugose-punctate, glabrous narrow area close to prothorax.Genae somewhat abundantly, finely punctate, glabrous on wide area close to eye, densely, minutely punctate, glabrous close to smooth apex.Antennal tubercles glabrous, densely, minutely punctate frontally, punctures gradually sparser toward posterior region, except smooth apex.Labrum coplanar with anteclypeus, except inclined anterocentral region; abundantly, finely punctate, except smooth area close to anteclypeus, sides, and anterocentral region; with long, erect brownish setae laterally, short, erect brownish setae anterocentrally, glabrous on remaining surface.Gulamentum (Fig. 1B) smooth, glabrous on center of posterior half, somewhat coarsely rugose, with a few brownish erect setae on sides of posterior half; anterior half coarsely, transversely rugose, with sparse punctures interspersed, and sparse, long, erect brownish setae.Distance between upper eye lobes 0.24 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.38 times distance between outer margins of eyes.Antennae 1.5 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at base of antennomere XI.Scape (Fig. 1E) gradually widened toward apex; with subtriangular projection on outer apex; outer side of dorsal surface, outer lateral surface, and ventral surface glabrous, sparsely, finely punctate, except smooth apex; inner side of dorsal surface densely, minutely punctate, with minute blackish setae.Pedicel somewhat abundantly, finely punctate; with short blackish setae, and somewhat long, erect black setae ventrally.Antennomeres III-XI with dense, minute blackish pubescence; antennomeres III-VI whit short, erect black setae on inner margin, and short, thick black setae on apex of ventral surface.Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.50; pedicel = 0.11; IV = 0.63; V = 0.67; VI = 0.67; VII = 0.62; VIII = 0.55; IX = 0.49; X = 0.46; XI = 0.64.
Thorax: Prothorax wider than long (including lateral tubercles); anterior and posterior constrictions well marked; lateral tubercles large, conical, with blunt apex, located centrally.Pronotum (Fig. 1A) with large, transverse gibbosity on each side of anterior half, somewhat transversely elevated close to posterior constriction, forming distinct plate laterally; with longitudinal, narrow sulcus centrally, from anterior margin to posterior constriction, more distinct after anterior constriction, very finely rugose-punctate, except smooth area close to middle of pronotum; blackish-blue area densely, minutely punctate, with dense, short blackish pubescence partially obscuring integument, except on longitudinal central sulcus; sides and posterior regions with a few minute punctures and a few minute dark setae.Sides of prothorax (Fig. 1C) with longitudinal gibbosity between anterior constriction and lateral tubercles; glabrous, sparsely, minutely punctate, except finely rugose-punctate area close to posterior margin.Prosternum densely, finely punctate, with dense grayish-white pubescence on posterior ¾, except somewhat rugose, glabrous anterocentral region; anterior quarter glabrous, transversely striate, except smooth area close to anterior margin.Prosternal process widely, longitudinal sulcate centrally on basal ¾; with dense grayish-white pubescence; narrowest area 0.3 times procoxal width.Mesoventrite, mesanepisternum, and mesepimeron densely, minutely punctate, punctures slightly sparser laterally; with abundant grayish-white pubescence not obscuring integument.Mesoventral process widely, longitudinally elevated centrally; parallel-sided; apex distinctly emarginate centrally; with abundant grayish-white pubescence; apex 0.77 times mesocoxal width.Metanepisternum and metaventrite with dense grayish-white pubescence, except glabrous dark-brown area.Scutellum longitudinally sulcate centrally; basal half densely, minutely punctate; posterior half somewhat rugose.Elytra: Densely, minutely punctate, with dense, minute dark pubescence, except longitudinal sutural green band glabrous, finely, transversely striate, outermost longitudinal green band on dorsal surface finely rugose-punctate, almost glabrous, and epipleural green band with abundant grayish-white pubescence.Legs: Profemora abundantly, minutely punctate dorsally, minutely, sparsely punctate on remaining surface; with somewhat abundant grayish-white pubescence dorsally, glabrous on remaining surface.Mesofemora densely, minutely punctate dorsally, slightly sparsser, minutely punctate laterally, mostly smooth ventrally; with somewhat abundant grayish-white pubescence dorsally, pubescence sparser on remaining surface.Metafemora densely, minutely punctate, except finely, slightly sparsely punctate on posterior of ventral surface, and apex of dorsal surface; with abundant grayish-white pubescence except sparse pubescence on areas with sparser punctures.Protibiae with sparse blackish pubescence on basal half of dorsal and lateral surfaces, and dense, bristly yellowish-brown pubescence on ventral surface and basal half of dorsal and lateral surfaces (yellowish-brown pubescence appearing to be blackish depending on angle of light source).Mesotibiae with sparse blackish pubescence basally, pubescence gradually denser, bristly, dark yellowish-brown toward apex, especially on apical third.Protibiae distinctly widened from basal quarter, laterally flattened; with abundant dark pubescence, blackish bristly dorsally and ventrally.Dorsal surface of tarsi with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument; metatarsomere I 1.4 times longer than II-III together.
Female (Fig. 1F-G): Similar to male, differencing by the antennae (Fig. 1F) slightly shorter, 1.35 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at posterior sixth of antennomere XI, and apex of ventrite 5 (Fig. 1G) slightly emarginate centrally.The longitudinal green central band on the pronotum (1F) is wider than in the holotype male, and the longitudinal shiny bands on the elytra are more orangish.

Etymology:
The specific epithet luteotarsis refers to the striking coloration of the tarsi which separate this species from others in the genus.
Remarks: Xystochroma luteotarsis sp.nov.can be separated from the other species of the genus using the key adapted from Napp & Martins (2009) Head: Frontal plate (Fig. 2D) longer than basal diameter of scape, smooth, glabrous; remaining surface of frons abundantly, coarsely punctate centrally, punctures finer close to genae; nearly all punctures with a short white seta.Area between antennal tubercles and upper eye lobes abundantly, coarsely punctate, punctures with short whitish seta; with narrow well-marked sulcus close to eyes; remaining surface of vertex glabrous, transversely, somewhat shallowly reticulate-punctate close to prothorax, subsmooth anteriorly.Antennal tubercles smooth, glabrous, except posterior region with a few somewhat fine punctures with short white seta.Area behind upper eye lobes partially smooth close to eye, transversely, somewhat shallowly reticulate-punctate on remaining surface; with one long, erect yellowish seta superiorly close to eye, and a few short, erect yellowish setae near eye.Area behind lower eye lobes smooth, glabrous.Genae proportionally long (Fig. 2E), with the anterior margin of lower eye lobes distinctly away from the anterior margin of the gena; abundantly, somewhat coarsely punctate, except smooth apex; punctures with short, decumbent yellowish seta.Maxillary palpomere IV and labial palpomere III elongate, gradually widened from base to apex.Median groove distinct from clypeus to area between upper eye lobes.Wide central area of postclypeus coarsely, confluently punctate; with a few short whitish setae, and one long, erect yellowish seta on each side.Sides of postclypeus smooth, glabrous.Labrum somewhat sparsely, coarsely punctate posterocentrally, abundantly somewhat coarsely punctate centrally near anterior margin, smooth on remaining surface; with sparse, somewhat short yellowish setae on posterior punctate area, tuft of long, erect yellowish-brown setae on sides of anterior half, and dense, somewhat short, yellowish-brown setae on anterior punctate area.Gulamentum (Fig. 2B) smooth, glabrous on posterior half; anterior half sparsely, coarsely punctate, sulcate close to eyes, punctures with long, erect yellowish seta, and sulcate area with sparse, short, erect yellowish-white setae.Outer side of mandibles densely, coarsely punctate on basal ¾, smooth on apical quarter; with sparse, somewhat long, decumbent yellowish setae on basal ¾, except long, erect, thick yellowish-brown seta close to smooth area, glabrous on apical quarter.Upper eye lobes with four rows of ommatidia (only two or three apically); distance between upper eye lobes 0.29 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.50 times distance between outer margins of eyes.Antennae 1.55 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at posterior quarter of antennomere X. Scape sparsely, finely punctate; with sparse, short, decumbent yellowish-white setae, slightly more abundant basally, and long, erect setae of same color interspersed.Pedicel sparsely, finely punctate, with sparse, short, decumbent yellowish-white setae and long, erect setae of same color interspersed; antennomeres with somewhat abundant, decumbent white pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence denser from V; III-IX with long, erect yellow setae ventrally, setae sparser and shorter on VII, and present only apically on VIII-IX; dorsal apex of III-VIII with a few long, erect yellowish setae; antennomeres III-IV not carinate dorsally;  Etymology: This species is dedicated to Bill Tyson, friend of the first author and collector of many interesting Cerambycidae through the years, who provided the holotype for examination.
Remarks: Psyrassa tysoni sp.nov. is similar to P. pertenuis (Casey, 1924) (Fig. 2G-2J) but differs as follows: frontal plate longer than basal diameter of the scape (Fig. 2D); distance between upper eye lobes 2.5 times basal diameter of the scape, distinctly shorter than twice maximum diameter of the scape (Fig. 2A).In P. pertenuis, the frontal plate is distinctly shorter than basal diameter of the scape (Fig. 2I), and the distance between upper eye lobes is equal to 3.0 times the basal diameter of the scape, distinctly wider than twice maximum diameter of the scape (Fig. 2H-2I).
The key by Toledo (2005) encompasses a problem in the alternative of couplet 2, which includes the species with wide genae (translated): "last segment of the maxillary palpi elongate to slightly broadened apically, " leading to alternative of couplet 3; "last segment of the maxillary palpi campaniform, " leading to the alternative of couplet 5. Actuality, the palpi of females included from the alternative of couplet 5 do not have the maxillary palpomere IV campaniform; they are simply elongate in females of P. graciliatra Toledo, 2005 Sides of postclypeus almost glabrous.Labrum coplanar with anteclypeus at posterior third, inclined at anterior ⅔; with sparse yellowish-white pubescence on posterior third, somewhat abundant, long, erect, both yellow and whitish setae laterally on sides of anterior ⅔, and glabrous on remaining surface.Gulamentum (Fig. 3B) somewhat sparsely, finely punctate, glabrous, except intermaxillary process with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument.Distance between upper eye lobes (Fig. 3A) 0.48 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.72 times distance between outer margins of eyes.Antennae as long as elytra, almost reaching posterior quarter of elytra.Scape (Fig. 3E) with abundant, both pale-yellow and white pubescence not obscuring integument, dorsally and laterally, pubescence denser on apical cicatrix, and abundant yellowish-white pubescence ventrally; with long, erect whitish setae interspersed ventrally.Pedicel and light areas of antennomeres III-XI with abundant white pubescence almost obscuring integument on some distal segments; darkbrown apical region of antennomeres III-XI mostly with brown pubescence not obscuring integument; pedicel and antennomeres III-XI with long, erect dark-brown setae interspersed ventrally, erect setae gradually sparser from III to X; antennomeres IV-V with a few moderately long, yellowish setae on apex of dorsal surface; antennomeres VI-XI with moderately long, erect white setae interspersed throughout.Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 1.00; pedicel = 0.25; IV = 1.05;V = 0.83; VI = 0.67; VII = 0.58; VIII = 0.53; IX = 0.44; X = 0.39; XI = 0.30.
Thorax: Prothorax wider than long; lateral tubercles subconical, located centrally; sides slightly divergent from anterolateral angles to lateral tubercles, convergent toward posterolateral angles.Pronotum (Fig. 3A) transversely sulcate close to posterior margin; somewhat sparsely, coarsely punctate; sides with wide yellow pubescent band from anterior to posterior margin, pubescence minute, thick, except distinctly longer and denser yellow pubescence on inner side of anterior third of right band, sparse, moderately long, decumbent yellow pubescence interspersed on middle of left band, short, thick white setae interspersed on posterior half of both bands, white setae more abundant near lateral tubercles of prothorax, and denser and longer yellow pubescence close to posterior margin; central region with sparse brown pubescence, except both pale-yellow and yellowish-brown setae interspersed on part of anterior third, and a few short, both pale-yellow and white setae near posterior sulcus; central area of posterior sulcus with abundant, both yellow and white pubescence no obscuring integument, yellow pubescence longer; with long, erect brown setae interspersed, especially on anterior ⅔.Sides of prothorax (Fig. 3C) with dense, both yellow and yellowish-white pubescence.Prosternum somewhat sparsely and coarsely punctate; sides of posterior ¾ and area close to procoxal cavities with dense, both pale-yellow and white pubescence; remaining surface with moderately sparse, both pale-yellow and  Abdomen: Ventrites 1-4 (Fig. 3B) with both yellow and white pubescence, more abundant laterally, except short fringe of yellow pubescence on sides of apex; with a few long, erect white setae interspersed.Ventrite 5 depressed posterocentrally; with both yellow and white pubescence, longer and more abundant laterally and depressed apical region; with sparse, both white and yellow setae interspersed, except apical region with somewhat abundant dark-brown setae interspersed.(Breuning, 1940) and redescription (Breuning, 1971) do not provide important information.Therefore, we are using mostly the photograph of the holotype taken by Jesus Santiago Moure (see Bezark, 2023 andSantos-Silva &Bezark, 2022) to find more differences to separate the two species.(Breuning, 1943) (Fig. 4)
The following variations, not related to geographical distribution, were found in the species: longitudinal pubescent band closer to the sutural pubescent band of the elytra entire (Fig. 4F), reaching the pubescent macula on the posterior quarter, or fragmented anteriorly (Fig. 4J); longitudinal pubescent band on middle of the dorsal surface of the elytra entire (Fig. 4F), reaching the pubescent macula on the posterior quarter, fragmented (Fig. 4J) on the posterior half of the elytra, or almost absent (Fig. 4A) on the posterior quarter of the elytra; outermost longitudinal pubescent band on the elytra entire (Fig. 4E) or interrupted about middle (Fig. 4A, 4C, 4F, 4H-J).

Calliini Thomson, 1864 Nagma Bezark & Santos-Silva, 2020
Nagma hovorei sp.nov.(Fig. 5) Description: Holotype male (Figs.5A-5D).Integument mostly brown; ventral mouthparts yellowish-brown (more orangish brown depending on light intensity); gulamentum yellowish-brown on posterior ¾; postclypeus mostly dark brown; sides of anteclypeus pale; posterior ⅔ of postclypeus dark orangish-brown and anterior third yellowish; scape light brown; pedicel brown basally, light brown on remaining surface; antennomere III dark orangish brown on basal third and apical sixth, brown on remaining surface; antennomere IV orangish on basal half, dark orangish brown on apical seventh, dark brown on remaining surface; antennomeres V and VII dark orangish brown on basal quarter, dark brown on remaining surface; antennomere V orangish on basal half, dark brown on apical half; antennomeres VIII and X light orange on basal ⅔, dark brown on apical third; antennomere IX reddish brown basally, dark brown on remaining surface; antennomere XI dark brown on basal ⅔, orangish brown on apical third.Ventral surface o mesothorax with irregular dark brown areas.Ventral surface of metathorax mostly blackish with irregular brown areas.Elytra mostly dark orangish-brown, gradually lighter toward apex, with irregular dark brown areas, most punctures dark brown, and blackish area of centrobasal crest.Basal half of profemoral club dark brown, more distinctly ventrally, and remaining surface of profemora light brown; basal ⅔ of ventral mesofemoral club blackish ventrally, and remaining surface of mesofemora brown, slightly darker dorsally on basal half of club; basal half of ventral surface of metafemoral club blackish, and remaining surface of metafemora brown.Tibiae brown basally, orangish brown on remaining basal half, with wide dark ring on base of apical half, ring dark brown dorsally and laterally, brown ventrally, and remaining surface orangish.Tarsi orangish, slightly lighter toward apex.Abdominal ventrite 1 somewhat dark brown basally, gradually slightly lighter toward posterior region, except blackish margins of intercoxal process, and yellowish apex; ventrites 2-4 reddish-brown, gradually slightly lighter toward apex, except yellowish apex; ventrite 5 dark reddish brown on basal half, orangish brown on apical half, slightly lighter toward apex.
Head: Frons (Fig. 5D) abundantly, coarsely punctate; with somewhat sparse yellowish-brown pubescence, distinctly denser close to eyes.Vertex somewhat abundantly, coarsely punctate; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence shorter and sparser centrally.Area behind upper eye lobe with sculpturing as on vertex; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence partially obscuring integument, except subglabrous narrow area close to prothorax.Area behind lower eye lobes with dense yellowish-brown pubescence close to eye, glabrous close to prothorax.Genae with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument toward ventral surface, pubescence sparser toward frons and clypeus.Wide central area of postclypeus finely rugose-punctate; with somewhat abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument laterally close to frons, pubescence absent centrally and close to anteclypeus; area close to anteclypeus with sparse, moderately long yellowish-white setae directed forward; with long, erect yellowish-white setae interspersed.Sides of postclypeus glabrous.Labrum with long, erect yellowish-white setae on posterior half, more abundant, slightly yellower laterally; anterior margin with fringe of yellowish-brown setae.Gulamentum (Fig. 5B) smooth, glabrous, except intermaxillary process with finely rugose-punctate and with sparse, short yellowish-brown setae.Distance between upper eye lobes 0.40 times distance between outer margins of eyes; in frontal view, distance between lower eye lobes 0.62 times distance between outer margins of eyes.Antennae (Fig. 5C) 1.4 times elytral length, reaching elytral apex at middle of antennomere XI.Scape with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument.Pedicel with abundant yellowish pubescence dorsally and laterally, whitish ventrally; with one long, erect yellowish seta ventrally.Antennomeres III-IV with somewhat sparse yellowish-white pubescence on basal light region; dark area of III with sparse brownish pubescence; light apical area of III with abundant yellowish-white pubescence not obscuring integument; dark area of IV with abundant brown pubescence not obscuring integument; light apical area of IV with dense white pubescence; ventral surface of III-IV with sparse long, erect setae, setae yellowish on light areas, dark brown on dark area.Antennomeres V-XI with dense white pubescence on light area, brownish on dark area; with abundant, short whitish setae interspersed on dark pubescence, setae denser from VIII; erect setae of ventral surface as on antennomere III.Antennal formula (ratio) based on length of antennomere III: scape = 0.79; pedicel = 0.26; IV = 0.79; V = 0.52; VI = 0.47; VII = 0.42; VIII = 0.37; IX = 0.34; X = 0.32; XI = 0.37.
Thorax: Prothorax wider than long; sides with large, rounded tubercle centrally.Pronotum (Fig. 5A) abundantly, coarsely punctate; with large gibbosity on each side of middle, from anterior third to after middle, more elevated anteriorly; with somewhat dense yellowish-brown pubescence laterally, sparser on wide central area, partially yellowish-white on anterior half, except glabrous anterior area of gibbosities.Sides of prothorax (Fig. 5C) abundantly coarsely punctate, except mostly smooth area close to anterior margin; with abundant yellowish pubescence not obscuring integument, pubescence partially absent close to anterior margin.Prosternum somewhat abundantly, coarsely punctate; with somewhat sparse yellowish pubescence.Prosternal process with sculpturing and pubescence as on prosternum, except apex with sparser pubescence; narrowest area 0.45 times procoxal width.Ventral surface of mesothorax abundantly, coarsely punctate, except smooth apex of mesoventrite; mesoventrite with sparse yellowish pubescence, except glabrous smooth area; mesanepisternum and mesepimeron with abundant yellowish-brown close to elytra, pubescence sparser toward mesoventrite.Mesoventral process abruptly elevated anteriorly; densely, coarsely punctate; with sparse yellowish pubescence centrally, whitish laterally; apex truncate, slightly emarginate centrally; apex 0.69 times mesocoxal width.Metanepisternum abundantly, coarsely punctate; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument.Metaventrite densely, coarsely punctate; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence on sides of posterior half and sparse yellowish-white pubescence on remaining surface.Scutellum with dense yellowish-brown pubescence, except glabrous anterocentral region.Elytra: Centrobasal crest slightly elevated, gibbosity-shaped, with abundant long, decumbent dark brown setae.Surface abundantly, coarsely punctate, punctures finer and sparser on posterior third; with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, except: wide white pubescent band dorsally on anterior half, sub-straight laterally near humeri, oblique, reaching suture on remaining area; irregular white pubescent macula dorsally on posterior quarter, reaching suture, denser than anterior white pubescent band; and sides with abundant white pubescence not obscuring integument, except yellowish-brown pubescence close to humeri.With sparse, short, decumbent, thick dark brown setae interspersed throughout.
Legs: Femora with abundant yellowish-brown pubescence not obscuring integument, except sparse brown pubescence ventrally on dark area.Tibiae with sparse yellowish pubescence, denser, bristly on apical third of ventral surface, except sparse dark brown pubescence dorsally and laterally on dark ring; dark ring with short, erect, thick black setae dorsally, more abundant on mesotibiae.Dorsal surface of tarsomeres with sparse white pubescence, sparser on III-V; metatarsomere I shorter than II-III together.
Variation: Pubescence on abdominal ventrites denser and yellowish-brown, except on center of ventrite 1.
Dimensions in mm (holotype male/paratype male/ paratype female): Etymology: This species is named after Frank T. Hovore, who collected the holotype and so many more cerambycids during his many years of field work.Frank was very generous with his duplicate specimens and provided many of them to the first author which inspired me to pursue the development of the New World Cerambycidae catalog website.

Remarks:
The new species, Nagma hovorei, differs from the only known species currently in the genus by the presence of a slightly elevated centrobasal elytral crest with long and decumbent setae.In N. albofasciatum (Martins & Galileo, 2006), there is no centrobasal crest on the elytra.However, we prefer not to describe a new genus for the new species until, eventually, more species are found.ventral surface, and abundant, bristly yellowish pubescence on posterior ⅔ of ventral surface.Dorsal surface of tarsi with sparse white pubescence.
Variation in dark specimens: Antennomere VIII orangish brown on basal half, dark brown on apical half; ventral surface of pro-and mesothorax orangish brown; light area of the elytra with variable shape and size, from reddish brown to orangish brown; basal area of the elytra dark brown; tibiae brown.Remarks: Martins & Galileo (2009) described C. umbus based on two specimens (unknown sex) from Costa Rica.The two specimens have the prothorax and entire anterior third of the elytra orangish brown.The three specimens examined have the prothorax entirely dark in two specimens, black dorsally, dark brown ventrally, and black dorsally and laterally, and orangish brown in the third specimen.However, these specimens have the other morphological features identical to that of the holotype and paratype.

Dimensions in mm (
Cyrtinus umbus is similar to C. howdeni Wappes, Santos-Silva & Nascimento, 2020, but differs as follows: posterior third of antennomeres III-IV slightly widened; centrobasal crest of the elytra slightly elevated, gibbous; sides of the area of the centrobasal crest with white setae.In C. howdeni, the basal third of the antennomeres III-IV are distinctly widened, centrobasal crest of the elytra is elevated, subtriangular, and sides of the area of the centrobasal crest without white setae.The studied species differs from C. melzeri Martins & Galileo, 2009
by the shape of the centrobasal crest (conical in C. melzeri); from C. mockfordi Howden, 1959 by the pronotum shiny, microsculptured only close to anterior margin (opaque, almost entirely microsculptured in C. mockfordi), almost without decumbent setae on basal half (with somewhat abundant whitish setae in C. mockfordi), and elytra subparallel-sided on anterior ⅔ (rounded from humerus to apex in C. mockfordi); from C. opacicollis (Bates, 1885) by pronotum mostly smooth and shiny (opaque and entirely microsculptured in C. opacicollis), and shape of the centrobasal crest of the elytra (elevated and conical in C. opacicollis); from C. hispidus Martins & Galileo, 2009 and C. penicillatus (Bates, 1885) by the shape of the centrobasal crest of the elytra (elevated, with dense tuft of long and erect setae apically in C. hispidus and C. penicillatus); from C. bordoni Joly & Rosales, 1990 and C. fisheri Wappes, Santos-Silva & Nascimento, 2020 by the shape of the centrobasal crest of the elytra (conical and elevated in C. bordoni and C. fisheri); from C. farri Howden, 1960, by the elytra not pubescent basally (pubescent in C. farri), and with transverse white pubescent band close to suture (absent in C. farri); from C. meridialis Martins & Galileo, 2010, C. peruviensis Audureau, 2017, and C. mussoi Joly & Rosales, 1990 by the elytra with three white pubescent areas on the anterior third (only one transverse pubescent band in C. meridialis, C. peruviensis, and C. mussoi).Phaea quadrimaculataWappes & Santos-Silva, 2021: 2.