Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2007; 20(03): 192-197
DOI: 10.1160/VCOT-06-08-0062
Clinical Communication
Schattauer GmbH

Temporomandibular joint ankylosis in cats and dogs

A report of 10 cases
C. P. H. J. Maas
1   Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
,
L. F. H. Theyse
1   Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received 10 August 2006

Accepted 20 July 2006

Publication Date:
21 December 2017 (online)

Summary

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis is characterized by difficulty or inability to open the mouth. The ankylosis may be articular (‘true’) or extra-articular (‘false’). Clinical signs, radiographic studies, treatment and follow-up are presented in a retrospective study involving five cats and five dogs. The findings were compared with TMJ ankylosis in humans. CT imaging with three-dimensional reconstruction proved to be of great value in determining the extent of the abnormalities and helped with preoperative planning. Articular TMJ ankylosis occurred in six animals and extra-articular TMJ ankylosis was found in the other four cases. In three cats and in three dogs, the TMJ ankylosis was trauma related; the remaining patients were diagnosed with a tumour. Resection of ankylosing tissue in false ankylosis or gap arthroplasty in true ankylosis was successful in all of the trauma induced cases. In the two cats, with tumour related ankylosis, the ankylosis was caused by an osteoma and resection had a good prognosis, whereas the two dogs had to be euthanatized.

 
  • References

  • 1 Meomartino L, Fatone G, Brunetti A. et al. Temporomandibular ankylosis in the cat: a review of seven cases. J Small Anim Pract 1999; 40: 7-10.
  • 2 Vollmerhaus Vollmerhaus, Roos H. The transverse movement of the temporo-mandibular joint (translation movement) of the dog, also with reference to dysplasia of this joint in the dachshund. Anat Histol Embryol 1996; 25: 145-149.
  • 3 Vollmerhaus B, Roos H, Quecke A. Biological role ofmovement in the temporomandibular joint in sheepdogs and housecats. Tierartzl Prax 1996; 24: 73-78.
  • 4 Knospe Knospe, Roos H. The articulatio temporoman-dibularis of the domestic cat (Felis silvestris catus). Anat Histol Embryol 1994; 23: 148-153.
  • 5 Frewein J. The muscular system. In: Anatomy of dog and cat. Frewein J, Vollmerhaus B. (eds). Berlin: Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1994: 83-87.
  • 6 Vollmerhaus B, Frewein J, Roos H. et al. The skeleton. In: Anatomy of dog and cat. Frewein J, Vollmerhaus B. (eds). Berlin: Blackwell Scientific Publications; 1994: 6-20.
  • 7 Miller GA, Page Jr. HL, Griffith CR. Temporomandibular joint ankylosis: review ofthe literature and report of two cases of bilateral involvement. J Oral Surg 1975; 33: 792-803.
  • 8 Guven O. A clinical study on temporomandibular joint ankylosis. Auris Nasus Larynx 2000; 27: 27-33.
  • 9 Erol B, Tanrikulu R, Gorgun B. A clinical study on ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 2006; 34: 100-106.
  • 10 Bennett Bennett, Campbell JR. Mechanical interference with lower jaw movement as a complication of skull fractures. J Small Anim Pract 1976; 17: 747-751.
  • 11 Lantz GC. Temporomandibular joint ankylosis: surgical correction of three cases. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 1985; 21: 173-177.
  • 12 van Ee RT, Pechman RD. False ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint in a cat. J Am Vet Med Assoc 1987; 191: 979-980.
  • 13 Sullivan M. Temporomandibular ankylosis in the cat. J Small Anim Pract 1989; 30: 401-405.
  • 14 Anderson A. What is your diagnosis?. J Small Anim Pract 1997; 38: 279-295.
  • 15 Okumura M, Kadosawa T, Fujinaga T. Surgical correction of temporomandibular joint ankylosis in two cats. AustVet J 1999; 77: 24-27.
  • 16 Evans J, Levesque D, Shelton GD. Canine inflammatory myopathies: a clinicopathologic review of 200 cases. JVet Intern Med 2004; 18: 679-691.
  • 17 Yücel E, Börkan Ü, Mollaoglu N. et al. Histological evaluation of changes in the temporomandibular joint after direct and indirect trauma: an experimental study. Dent Traumatol 2002; 18: 212-216.
  • 18 Van Hoe L, Cesteleyn L, Claeys TH. et al. Arthrographic imaging of post-traumatic temporomandibular joint disorders. Acta Stomatol Belg 1992; 89: 169-179.
  • 19 Benson Benson, Otis LL. Disorders of the temporomandibular joint. Dent Clin North Am 1994; 38: 167-185.
  • 20 Laskin DM. Diagnosis of pathology of the temporomandibular joint. Clinical and imaging perspectives. Radiol ClinNorth Am 1993; 31: 135-147.
  • 21 Nickel JC, Iwasaki LR, Feely DE. et al. The effect of disc thickness and trauma on disc surface friction in the porcine temporomandibular joint. Arch Oral Biol 2001; 46: 155-162.
  • 22 Schwarz T, Weller R, Dickie AM. et al. Imaging of the canine and feline temporomandibular joint: a review. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2002; 43: 85-97.
  • 23 Larheim TA. Current trends in temporomandibular joint imaging. Oral Surg Oral Med Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1995; 80: 555-576.
  • 24 Hayt MW, Abrahams JJ, Blair J. Magnetic resonance imaging of the temporomandibular joint. Top Magn Reson Imaging 2000; 11: 138-146.
  • 25 Roychoudhury A, Parkash H, Trikha DA. Functional restoration by gap arthroplasty in temporomandibular joint ankylosis. Areport of50 cases. Oral Surg Oral Med Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1999; 87: 166-169.
  • 26 Manganello-Souza LC, Mariani PB. Temporomandibular joint ankylosis: report of 14 cases. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2003; 32: 24-29.
  • 27 Chossegros C, Guyot L, Cheynet F. et al. Comparison of different materials for interposition arthroplasty in treatment of temporomandibular joint ankylosis surgery: long-term follow-up in 25 cases. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1997; 35: 157-160.
  • 28 Dimitroulis G. The interpositional dermis-fat graft in the management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2004; 33: 755-760.
  • 29 Martins WD. Report of ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint: treatment with a temporalis muscle flap and augmentation genioplasty. J Contemp Dent Pract 2006; 7: 125-133.
  • 30 Lindqvist C, Pihakari A, Tasanen A. et al. Autogenous costochondral grafts in temporo-mandibular joint arthroplasty A survey of 66 arthroplasties in 60 patients. J Maxillofac Surg 1986; 14: 143-149.
  • 31 Valentini V, Vetrano S, Agrillo A. et al. Surgical treatment of TMJ ankylosis: our experience (60 cases). J Craniofac Surg 2002; 13: 59-67.