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Supplementary Figure 12 from Oncogenic Cells of Renal Embryonic Lineage Sensitive to the Small-Molecule Inhibitor QC6352 Display Depletion of KDM4 Levels and Disruption of Ribosome Biogenesis

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posted on 2024-04-02, 07:22 authored by Prahalathan Pichavaram, Carolyn M. Jablonowski, Jie Fang, Andrew M. Fleming, Hyea Jin Gil, Andrew S. Boghossian, Matthew G. Rees, Melissa M. Ronan, Jennifer A. Roth, Christopher L. Morton, Gerard P. Zambetti, Andrew M. Davidoff, Jun Yang, Andrew J. Murphy

(A) SiRNA-mediated knockdown of KDM4A reflected the phenotype seen with QC6352 treatment in WiT49 and HEK293 cells by increasing the proportion of cells in the S-phase. Of note, SiRNA-mediated knockdown of KDM4A (but not KDM4B or KDM4C) induced aneuploidy in WiT49 and HEK293 cells (green and yellow peaks).( B) Comet assay (quantitation shown in manuscript Figure 5) demonstrated DNA damage (tails shown with white arrows) in WiT49 and HEK293 cells in response to siKDM4A. Doxorubicin (10nM) is shown as a positive control.

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National Cancer Institute (NCI)

United States Department of Health and Human Services

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American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities (ALSAC)

American Cancer Society (ACS)

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ARTICLE ABSTRACT

The histone lysine demethylases KDM4A-C are involved in physiologic processes including stem cell identity and self-renewal during development, DNA damage repair, and cell-cycle progression. KDM4A-C are overexpressed and associated with malignant cell behavior in multiple human cancers and are therefore potential therapeutic targets. Given the role of KDM4A-C in development and cancer, we aimed to test the potent, selective KDM4A-C inhibitor QC6352 on oncogenic cells of renal embryonic lineage. The anaplastic Wilms tumor cell line WiT49 and the tumor-forming human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293 demonstrated low nanomolar QC6352 sensitivity. The cytostatic response to QC6352 in WiT49 and HEK293 cells was marked by induction of DNA damage, a DNA repair–associated protein checkpoint response, S-phase cell-cycle arrest, profound reduction of ribosomal protein gene and rRNA transcription, and blockade of newly synthesized proteins. QC6352 caused reduction of KDM4A-C levels by a proteasome-associated mechanism. The cellular phenotype caused by QC6352 treatment of reduced migration, proliferation, tumor spheroid growth, DNA damage, and S-phase cell-cycle arrest was most closely mirrored by knockdown of KDM4A as determined by siRNA knockdown of KDM4A-C. QC6352 sensitivity correlated with high basal levels of ribosomal gene transcription in more than 900 human cancer cell lines. Targeting KDM4A may be of future therapeutic interest in oncogenic cells of embryonic renal lineage or cells with high basal expression of ribosomal protein genes.

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    Molecular Cancer Therapeutics

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