American Association for Cancer Research
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Supplementary information from Transition of Mesenchymal and Epithelial Cancer Cells Depends on α1-4 Galactosyltransferase-Mediated Glycosphingolipids

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posted on 2023-03-31, 01:20 authored by Francis Jacob, Shahidul Alam, Martina Konantz, Ching-Yeu Liang, Reto S. Kohler, Arun V. Everest-Dass, Yen-Lin Huang, Natalie Rimmer, Andre Fedier, Andreas Schötzau, Monica Nunez Lopez, Nicolle H. Packer, Claudia Lengerke, Viola Heinzelmann-Schwarz

This file contains: Supplementary material & methods Supplementary Figure S1 Globoside GSL synthesizing glycosyltransferases show elevated gene expression in epithelial tissue samples. Supplementary Figure S2 EMT marker gene expression in 47 ovarian cancer cell lines. Supplementary Figure S3 Single cell sorting strategy after transient transfection of sgRNA CRISPR-Cas9 constructs. Supplementary Figure S4 Quantification of glycans released from glycosphingolipids in wildtype and Î"A4GALT ovarian cancer cells using LC-ESI-MS/MS. Supplementary Figure S5 Dissemination of Î"A4GALT compared to IGROV1 wildtype cells. Supplementary Figure S6 The aspartate-any residue-aspartate motif is required for enzymatic activity of A4GALT. Supplementary Figure S7 Bicistronic expression of E-cadherinEGFP and A4GALT DXA shows enhanced extravasation in vivo. Supplementary Figure S8 Genetic depletion of A4GALT correlates with the absence of globosides in ovarian cancer cells representing the four different states of EMT. Supplementary Figure S9 Fluorescently labelled cells were transplanted into the Duct of Cuvier of 48 hpf zebrafish embryos and cells followed for 2-3 days. Supplementary Figure S10 Increased E-cadherin in SKOV3ip coincides with SLUG expression and histone modifications. Supplementary Table S1 Quantification of glycans released from glycosphingolipids in wildtype and Î"A4GALT ovarian cancer cells using LC-ESI-MS/MS. Supplementary Table S2 Cell lines used in this study. Supplementary Table S3 Table providing details of oligonucleotides used in this study. Supplementary references required for supplementary information

Funding

Swiss National Foundation

Novartis Foundation for Biomedical Research

Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence

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ARTICLE ABSTRACT

The reversible transitions of cancer cells between epithelial and mesenchymal states comprise cellular and molecular processes essential for local tumor growth and respective dissemination. We report here that globoside glycosphingolipid (GSL) glycosyltransferase-encoding genes are elevated in epithelial cells and correlate with characteristic EMT signatures predictive of disease outcome. Depletion of globosides through CRISPR-Cas9–mediated deletion of the key enzyme A4GALT induces EMT, enhances chemoresistance, and increased CD24low/CD44high cells. The cholera toxin–induced mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition occurred only in cells with functional A4GALT. Cells undergoing EMT lost E-cadherin expression through epigenetic silencing at the promoter region of CDH1. However, in ΔA4GALT cells, demethylation was able to rescue E-cadherin–mediated cell–cell adhesion only in the presence of exogenous A4GALT. Overall, our data suggest another class of biomolecules vital for epithelial cancer cells and for maintaining cell integrity and function.Significance: This study highlights the essential role of glycosphingolipids in the maintenance of epithelial cancer cell properties. Cancer Res; 78(11); 2952–65. ©2018 AACR.