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Energy-efficient computing for wildlife tracking: design tradeoffs and early experiences with ZebraNet

Published:01 October 2002Publication History
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Abstract

Over the past decade, mobile computing and wireless communication have become increasingly important drivers of many new computing applications. The field of wireless sensor networks particularly focuses on applications involving autonomous use of compute, sensing, and wireless communication devices for both scientific and commercial purposes. This paper examines the research decisions and design tradeoffs that arise when applying wireless peer-to-peer networking techniques in a mobile sensor network designed to support wildlife tracking for biology research.The ZebraNet system includes custom tracking collars (nodes) carried by animals under study across a large, wild area; the collars operate as a peer-to-peer network to deliver logged data back to researchers. The collars include global positioning system (GPS), Flash memory, wireless transceivers, and a small CPU; essentially each node is a small, wireless computing device. Since there is no cellular service or broadcast communication covering the region where animals are studied, ad hoc, peer-to-peer routing is needed. Although numerous ad hoc protocols exist, additional challenges arise because the researchers themselves are mobile and thus there is no fixed base station towards which to aim data. Overall, our goal is to use the least energy, storage, and other resources necessary to maintain a reliable system with a very high `data homing' success rate. We plan to deploy a 30-node ZebraNet system at the Mpala Research Centre in central Kenya. More broadly, we believe that the domain-centric protocols and energy tradeoffs presented here for ZebraNet will have general applicability in other wireless and sensor applications.

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    • Published in

      cover image ACM SIGPLAN Notices
      ACM SIGPLAN Notices  Volume 37, Issue 10
      October 2002
      296 pages
      ISSN:0362-1340
      EISSN:1558-1160
      DOI:10.1145/605432
      Issue’s Table of Contents
      • cover image ACM Conferences
        ASPLOS X: Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
        October 2002
        318 pages
        ISBN:1581135742
        DOI:10.1145/605397

      Copyright © 2002 ACM

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      • Published: 1 October 2002

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