Sriram Karthik Badam
ABSTRACT
We present PolyChrome, an application framework for creating web-based collaborative visualizations that can span multiple devices. The framework supports (1) co-browsing new web applications as well as legacy websites with no migration costs (i.e., a distributed web browser); (2) an API to develop new web applications that can synchronize the UI state on multiple devices to support synchronous and asynchronous collaboration; and (3) maintenance of state and input events on a server to handle common issues with distributed applications such as consistency management, conflict resolution, and undo operations. We describe PolyChrome's general design, architecture, and implementation followed by application examples showcasing collaborative web visualizations created using the framework. Finally, we present performance results that suggest that PolyChrome adds minimal overhead compared to single-device applications.
Supplemental Material
- Apache Wave. http://incubator.apache.org/wave/, accessed June 2014.Google Scholar
- ShareJS. http://sharejs.org/, accessed June 2014.Google Scholar
- Baecker, R. M. Readings in Groupware and Computer-Supported Cooperative Work. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Francisco, 1993. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Balakrishnan, A. D., Fussell, S. R., and Kiesler, S. Do visualizations improve synchronous remote collaboration? In Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2008), 1227--1236. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Belmonte, N. G. The JavaScript InfoVis Toolkit. http://philogb.github.io/jit/, accessed March 2014.Google Scholar
- Bostock, M., and Heer, J. Protovis: A graphical toolkit for visualization. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 15, 6 (2009), 1121--1128. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Bostock, M., Ogievetsky, V., and Heer, J. D3: Data-driven documents. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 17, 12 (2011), 2301--2309. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Calderon, R., Blackstock, M., Lea, R., Fels, S., de Oliveira Bueno, A., and Anacleto, J. Red: a framework for prototyping multi-display applications using web technologies. In Proceedings of the ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays (2014). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Domingue, J., Dzbor, M., and Motta, E. Collaborative semantic web browsing with magpie. In The Semantic Web: Research and Applications. 2004, 388--401.Google Scholar
- Ellis, C. A., and Gibbs, S. J. Concurrency control in groupware systems. In Proceedings of the ACM SIGMOD Record (1989), 399--407. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Ellis, C. A., Gibbs, S. J., and Rein, G. Groupware: some issues and experiences. Communications of the ACM 34, 1 (1991), 39--58. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Elmqvist, N., and Irani, P. Ubiquitous analytics: Interacting with big data anywhere, anytime. IEEE Computer 46, 4 (2013), 86--89. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Endert, A., Bradel, L., Zeitz, J., Andrews, C., and North, C. Designing large high-resolution display workspaces. In Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces (2012), 58--65. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Esenther, A. W. Instant co-browsing: Lightweight real-time collaborative web browsing. In Proceedings of the World Wide Web Conference (2002), 107--114.Google Scholar
- Greenberg, S. Collaborative interfaces for the Web. In Human Factors and Web Development (1997), 241--254.Google Scholar
- Greenberg, S., Marquardt, N., Ballendat, T., Diaz-Marino, R., and Wang, M. Proxemic interactions: the new ubicomp? Interactions 18, 1 (2011), 42--50. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Greenberg, S., and Roseman, M. GroupWeb: A WWW browser as real time groupware. In Extended Abstracts of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, ACM (1996), 271--272. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Grimstead, I. J., Walker, D. W., and Avis, N. J. Collaborative visualization: A review and taxonomy. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Distributed Simulation and Real-Time Applications (2005), 61--69. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Hailpern, J., Hinterbichler, E., Leppert, C., Cook, D., and Bailey, B. P. TEAM STORM: demonstrating an interaction model for working with multiple ideas during creative group work. In Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Creativity & Cognition (2007), 193--202. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Han, R., Perret, V., and Naghshineh, M. WebSplitter: a unified XML framework for multi-device collaborative web browsing. In Proc. ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (2000), 221--230. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Hartmann, B., Beaudouin-Lafon, M., and Mackay, W. E. Hydrascope: creating multi-surface meta-applications through view synchronization and input multiplexing. In Proceedings of the ACM International Symposium on Pervasive Displays (2013), 43--48. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Isenberg, P., and Carpendale, S. Interactive tree comparison for co-located collaborative information visualization. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 13, 6 (2007), 1232--1239. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Isenberg, P., Elmqvist, N., Scholtz, J., Cernea, D., Ma, K.-L., and Hagen, H. Collaborative visualization: definition, challenges, and research agenda. Information Visualization 10, 4 (2011), 310--326. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Javed, W., and Elmqvist, N. Exploring the design space of composite visualization. In Proceedings of the IEEE Pacific Symposium on Visualization (2012), 1--8. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kim, K., Javed, W., Williams, C., Elmqvist, N., and Irani, P. Hugin: A framework for awareness and coordination in mixed-presence collaborative information visualization. In Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Interactive Tabletops and Surfaces (2010), 231--240. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Kumawat, S., and Khunteta, A. A survey on operational transformation algorithms: Challenges, issues and achievements. International Journal of Computer Applications 3, 12 (2010), 3038.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Manohar, N. R., and Prakash, A. The session capture and replay paradigm for asynchronous collaboration. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (1995), 149--164. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Mark, G., Kobsa, A., and Gonzalez, V. Do four eyes see better than two? collaborative versus individual discovery in data visualization systems. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Visualisation (2002), 249--255.Google ScholarCross Ref
- McGrath, W., Bowman, B., McCallum, D., Hincapie-Ramos, J.-D., Elmqvist, N., and Irani, P. Branch-explore-merge: Facilitating real-time revision control in collaborative visual exploration. In Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Interactive Tabletops and Surfaces (2012), 235--244. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Modahl, M., Bagrak, I., Wolenetz, M., Hutto, P., and Ramachandran, U. Mediabroker: An architecture for pervasive computing. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (2004), 253--262. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Nebeling, M., Mintsi, T., Husmann, M., and Norrie, M. Interactive development of cross-device user interfaces. In Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2014). Google ScholarDigital Library
- Nichols, D. A., Curtis, P., Dixon, M., and Lamping, J. High-latency, low-bandwidth windowing in the jupiter collaboration system. In Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on User Interface and Software Technology (1995), 111--120. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Payne, J., Solomon, J., Sankar, R., and McGrew, B. Grand challenge award: Interactive visual analytics palantir: The future of analysis. In Proceedings of the IEEE Symposium on Visual Analytics Science and Technology (2008), 201--202.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Raskar, R., Welch, G., Cutts, M., Lake, A., Stesin, L., and Fuchs, H. The office of the future: A unified approach to image-based modeling and spatially immersive displays. Computer Graphics 32 (1998), 179--188. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Rohrer, R. M., and Swing, E. Web-based information visualization. IEEE Computer Graphics & Applications 17, 4 (1997), 52--59. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Stasko, J., Görg, C., and Liu, Z. Jigsaw: Supporting investigative analysis through interactive visualization. Information visualization 7, 2 (2008), 118--132. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sun, C., and Ellis, C. Operational transformation in real-time group editors: issues, algorithms, and achievements. In Proceedings of the ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work (1998), 59--68. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Sun, C., Jia, X., Zhang, Y., Yang, Y., and Chen, D. Achieving convergence, causality preservation, and intention preservation in real-time cooperative editing systems. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 5, 1 (1998), 63--108. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Thum, C., and Schwind, M. Synchronite -- a service for real-time lightweight collaboration. In Proceedings of the International Conference on P2P, Parallel, Grid, Cloud and Internet Computing (2010), 215--221. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Tobiasz, M., Isenberg, P., and Carpendale, S. Lark: Coordinating co-located collaboration with information visualization. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 15, 6 (2009), 1065--1072. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Viégas, F. B., Wattenberg, M., Van Ham, F., Kriss, J., and McKeon, M. ManyEyes: A site for visualization at internet scale. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics 13, 6 (2007), 1121--1128. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Weiser, M. The computer for the 21st Century. Scientific American 265, 3 (1991), 94--104.Google ScholarCross Ref
- Wiltse, H., and Nichols, J. PlayByPlay: collaborative web browsing for desktop and mobile devices. In Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2009), 1781--1790. Google ScholarDigital Library
- Yang, J., and Wigdor, D. Panelrama: enabling easy specification of cross-device web applications. In Proceedings of the ACM conference on Human factors in computing systems (2014), 2783--2792. Google ScholarDigital Library
Index Terms
- PolyChrome: A Cross-Device Framework for Collaborative Web Visualization
Recommendations
PlayByPlay: collaborative web browsing for desktop and mobile devices
CHI '09: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing SystemsCollaborative web browsing tasks occur frequently, such as one user showing another how to use a web site, several users working together on a search task, or even one user sending an interesting link to another user. Unfortunately, tools for browsing ...
Co-browsing dynamic web pages
WWW '09: Proceedings of the 18th international conference on World wide webCollaborative browsing, or co-browsing, is the co-navigation of the web with other people at-a-distance, supported by software that takes care of synchronizing the browsers. Current state-of-the-art solutions are able to do co-browsing of "static web ...
WebNC: efficient sharing of web applications
HT '09: Proceedings of the 20th ACM conference on Hypertext and hypermediaWebNC is a system for efficiently sharing, retrieving and viewing web applications. Unlike existing screencasting and screensharing tools, WebNC is optimized to work with web pages where a lot of scrolling happens. WebNC uses a tile-based encoding to ...
Comments