Abstract
Extended detrended fluctuation analysis (EDFA) is a recently proposed modification of the conventional method, which provides a characterization of complex time series with varying nonstationarity. It evaluates two scaling exponents for a better quantification of inhomogeneous datasets. Here, we study the effect of different types of nonstationarity on these exponents, including trend, switching between processes with distinct statistical properties and energy variability. Using the simulated signals, we show that the first two types of nonstationarity have the strongest effect for anticorrelated processes and complicate their diagnosis. Nonstationarity in energy is more crucial for time series with positive long-range correlations. Next, we apply EDFA to rat experiments to study the activation of brain lymphatic drainage during sleep. Our analysis reveals significant distinctions in EDFA’s measures between the background electrical activity of the brain and the stage of sleep. The latter offers an indirect way to identify and characterize the nightly activation of the drainage and clearance of brain tissue.
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Acknowledgements
Theoretical studies with simulated datasets were supported by the Russian Science Foundation (Agreement 19-12-00037). Analysis of experimental data in Sect. 3.4 was supported by the RF Government Grant No. 075-15-2019-1885.
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Pavlov, A.N., Pavlova, O.N., Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya, O.V. et al. Extended detrended fluctuation analysis: effects of nonstationarity and application to sleep data. Eur. Phys. J. Plus 136, 10 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-020-00980-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epjp/s13360-020-00980-x