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Fluidity of the system produced in relativistic pp and heavy-ion collisions: Hadron resonance gas model approach

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Abstract

We have estimated the dimensionless parameters such as Reynolds number (Re), Knudsen number (Kn) and Mach number (Ma) for a multi-hadron system by using the excluded volume hadron resonance gas (EVHRG) model along with Hagedorn mass spectrum to include higher resonances in the system. The size dependence of these parameters indicate that the system formed in proton+proton collisions may achieve thermal equilibrium making it unsuitable as a benchmark to analyze the properties of the system produced in heavy ion collisions at similar energies. While the magnitude of Kn can be used to study the degree of thermalization and applicability of inviscid hydrodynamics, the variations of Re and Ma with temperature (T) and baryonic chemical potential (\(\mu _B\)) assist to understand the change in the nature of the flow in the system. Indeed the nature of flow changes from laminar to turbulent as Re increases and the system is characterized as incompressible for low \(Ma (<<1)\) and compressible for larger Ma. Ma can also be used to understand whether the flow is subsonic or supersonic.

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Data Availability Statement

This manuscript has no associated data or the data will not be deposited. [Authors’ comment: In case the data are required by any of the readers, we shall provide the same upon request to the corresponding author.]

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Acknowledgements

This research work has been carried out with financial support from DAE-BRNS, the Government of India, Project No. 58/14/29/2019-BRNS of Raghunath Sahoo. For the research fellowship, Ronald Scaria acknowledges CSIR, Govt. of India. CRS and RS acknowledge the financial support under the above BRNS project. Further R.S. acknowledges the financial support under the CERN Scientific Associateship, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland. The authors acknowledge the Tier-3 computing facility in the experimental high-energy physics laboratory of IIT Indore supported by the ALICE project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, Indore, 453552, India

    Ronald Scaria, Dushmanta Sahu, Captain R. Singh & Raghunath Sahoo

  2. CERN, 1211, Geneva 23, Switzerland

    Raghunath Sahoo

  3. Variable Energy Cyclotron Centre, 1/AF, Bidhan Nagar, Kolkata, India

    Jan-e Alam

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  1. Ronald Scaria
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  2. Dushmanta Sahu
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Correspondence to Raghunath Sahoo.

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Communicated by Giorgio Torrieri.

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Scaria, R., Sahu, D., Singh, C.R. et al. Fluidity of the system produced in relativistic pp and heavy-ion collisions: Hadron resonance gas model approach. Eur. Phys. J. A 59, 140 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-023-01052-1

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