Skip to main content
Log in

Validation of CASCADE code using the monitor reactions

  • Special Article - Tools for Experiment and Theory
  • Published:
The European Physical Journal A Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Production cross-sections of monitor reaction 27Al(x, y)24Na for proton, neutron and deuteron projectiles have been estimated from the CASCADE code from tens of MeV/n to tens of GeV/n energy and compared them with the available experimental data. It has also been shown that using the CASCADE code production cross-section of 27Al(d, y2)24Na reaction can be obtained from the proton and neutron projectiles. Implicitly, this provides an alternative way of knowing production cross-section of 27Al(n, y 1)24Na reaction which may be used to monitor the neutron flux in a wide range of energy. However, in the paper need of experimental determination of cross-sections for neutron projectile has been stressed. Similarly, cross-section of other monitor reactions like 27Al(p, y )22Na and 27Al(n, y 1)22Na are also calibrated as function of energy up to several GeV.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. O. Schwerer, K. Okamoto, Report INDC(NDS)-218/GZ+ (1989).

  2. V.S. Barashenkov, V.D. Toneev, Interaction of HE Particles and Atomic Nuclei with Nuclei (Moscow Atomizdat, 1972). Also refer to V.S. Barashenkov, A. Polanski, Electronic guide for nuclear cross sections, JINR preprint E2-94-417(1994).

  3. G.L. Morgan, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 211, 297 (2003).

    Google Scholar 

  4. J. Banaige, J. Berger, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. 95, 307 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  5. P. Kozma, V.V. Yanovsky, Czech. J. Phys. 40, 393 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  6. www.nds.iaea.org/exfor/.

  7. J.M. Sisterson, Measuring proton and neutron cross sections needed for cosmic rays studies, published: www. lanl.gov/orgs/t/workshop/proceedings/sisterson. pdf and Lunar and planetary science XXXI (2000): www.lpi.usra.edu/meetings/lpsc2000/pdf/1432.pdf.

  8. R.P. Feynman, Phy. Rev. Lett. 23, 1415 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  9. J. Adam, V.S. Barashenkov, H. Kumawat, V. Kumar, Kerntechnik 70, 127 (2005).

  10. J. Adam, V.S. Barashenkov, H. Kumawat, V. Kumar, Eur. Phys. J. A 23, 61 (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  11. H. Kumawat, PhD Thesis, Development of CASCADE model of hadron-nucleus interaction and its applications for modeling of heterogeneous systems, JINR (2004).

  12. H. Kumawat, V.S. Barashenkov, Eur. Phys. J. A 26, 61 (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  13. H. Kumawat, V. Kumar, P. Srinivasan, Pramana - J. Phys. 72, 601 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  14. V.S. Barashenkov, Le Van Ngok, L.G. Levchuk, Zh.Zh. Musul’manbekov, A.N. Sosnin, V.D. Toneev, S.Yu. Shmakov, CASCADE program complex for Monte-Carlo simulation of nuclear processes initiated by high energy particles and nuclei in gaseous and condensed matter, JINR preprint R2-85-173(1985)

  15. V.S. Barashenkov, H. Kumawat, V. Kumar, V.A. Lobanova, Nuclear Instrum. Methods B 217, 352 (2004).

    Google Scholar 

  16. www-nds.iaea.org/nrdc.html.

  17. T. Enqvist, Nucl. Phys. A 703, 435 (2002).

    Google Scholar 

  18. A.J. Koning, S. Hillaire, M.C. Duijvestijn, Proceedings of the International Conference on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology (ND2004) Santa Fe, USA (2004), edited by R.C. Haight, M.B. Chadwick, T. Kawana, AIP Conf. Proc. 769, 1154 (2005). Also, see www.talys.eu.

  19. H. Feshbach, K. Huang, Phys. Lett. B 47, 300 (1973).

    Google Scholar 

  20. P. Kozma, J. Kliman, J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 16, 45 (1990).

    Google Scholar 

  21. E.T. Clarke, Phys. Rev. 71, 187 (1947).

    Google Scholar 

  22. S. Takacs, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 174, 235 (2001).

    Google Scholar 

  23. R.E. Batzel, W.W. Crane, G.P. O’Kelley, Phys. Rev. 91, 939 (1953).

    Google Scholar 

  24. R. Michel, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. B 129, 153 (1997).

    Google Scholar 

  25. See the following site for details of applicability of INC models and codes: www.nea.fr/html/science/docs/ 1997/nsc-doc97-1/append3.pdf

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

R. Krücken

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kumar, V., Bhatia, C., Kumawat, H. et al. Validation of CASCADE code using the monitor reactions. Eur. Phys. J. A 40, 231–236 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2008-10760-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/i2008-10760-9

PACS

Navigation