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Phenotypic diversity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) landraces accumulated in the Vavilov collection from the centers of the crop’s origin

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Russian Journal of Genetics: Applied Research

Abstract

Landraces represent a valuable gene pool as a source for introgressing adaptive genes to modern varieties. The Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) chickpea collection contains 3380 accessions, most of which are landraces. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the phenotypic diversity of old chickpea landraces stored in VIR collection. The variability of 11 biological, morphological, and economically valuable traits in 1082 chickpea landraces originating from 60 countries has been analyzed. Further accessions from the places of origin of chickpea were studied in more detail (with 15 traits analyzed): 75 landraces from Turkey (primary center) and 24 from Ethiopia (secondary center) were collected 90 years ago. Interrelations between the traits were studied using component analyses. The geographic regularities of certain traits in the studied accessions have been revealed. The accessions from Ethiopia were fairly uniform, revealing primitive and dominant character of the traits. They belong to the Abyssinicum eco-geographical group of varieties, absolutely unique and endemic to Ethiopia. The Turkish landraces are characterized by a much higher diversity for the majority of phenotypes, covering almost the entire range of traits specified in chickpea descriptors. In this region, together with landraces typical of Turkey, there are those characteristic of the western Mediterranean and areas bordering Turkey to the east. In accordance with the eco-geographic classification, they fall into three groups of varieties: turcicum, hispanicum, and afghanicum. A lesser degree of variability and a more primitive character of traits, as well as the lower seed productivity in the Ethiopian than in the Turkish landraces show the more advanced breeding state of the latter. Useful traits for breeding are present in landraces from both centers of origin.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Federal Research Center, Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), St. Petersburg, 190000, Russia

    M. A. Vishnyakova, M. O. Burlyaeva & I. V. Seferova

  2. Kuban Experimental Station, Branch of Federal Research Center, Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), Krasnodar region, Russia

    S. V. Bulyntsev

  3. Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia

    E. S. Plekhanova

  4. Molecular and Computational Biology Section, Dornsife College, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089-0371, USA

    S. V. Nuzhdin

Authors
  1. M. A. Vishnyakova
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  2. M. O. Burlyaeva
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  3. S. V. Bulyntsev
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  4. I. V. Seferova
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  5. E. S. Plekhanova
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  6. S. V. Nuzhdin
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Correspondence to M. A. Vishnyakova.

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Original Russian Text © M.A. Vishnyakova, M.O. Burlyaeva, S.V. Bulyntsev, I.V. Seferova, E.S. Plekhanova, S.V. Nuzhdin, 2017, published in Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii, 2017, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 170–179.

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Vishnyakova, M.A., Burlyaeva, M.O., Bulyntsev, S.V. et al. Phenotypic diversity of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) landraces accumulated in the Vavilov collection from the centers of the crop’s origin. Russ J Genet Appl Res 7, 763–772 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079059717070097

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079059717070097

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