Abstract
The composition of accessory minerals from granites of the second phase, quartz-muscovite (+fluorite), and quartz-muscovite-topaz greisens from the Primorsky rapakivi granite complex, West Baikal region, were studied using backscattered scanning electron microscopy. Ilmenite from granites contains inclusions of cassiterite, titanocolumbite, fergusonite-(Y), polycrase-(Y), and betafite. Allanite-(Ce), bastnaesite-(Ce), xenotime-(Y), Y- and Zr-thorite, zircon, and cyrtolite have been identified in granites. Greisens contain cassiterite, ferrocolumbite (Ta/Nb = 0.02−0.06), pyrochlore-group minerals, ilmenorutile, rutile, wolframite, polycrase-(Y), monazite-(Ce), fluocerite-(Ce), bastnaesite-(Ce), cerphosphorhuttonite, thorite, and other minerals. The ferrocolumbite + ilmenorutile assemblage is typical of quartz-muscovite greisen, whereas the rutile + ilmenorutile + wolframite + W-columbite assemblage is contained in the quartzmuscovite-topaz greisen as a result of an increase in Eh and decrease in pH and potassium activity of solution in the back zone. The compositions of Th- and REE-bearing minerals indicate the important role of phosphate and fluorine complexes in the transport of these elements.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Balashov, Yu.A., Geokhimiya redkozemel’nykh elementov (Geochemistry of Rare Earth Elements), Moscow: Nauka, 1976.
Beskin, S.M. and Marin, Yu.B., Typification of Rare Metal Granites and Forecast of Rare-Metal Mineralization in Granitic Rock Associations, in Petrografiya na rubezhe 21veka: itogi i perspektivy (Petrography at the Turn of the 21th Century: Results and Outlook), Syktyvkar: Geol. Inst., Komi Sci. Center, Ural Branch, RAS 2000, vol. 2, pp. 231–234.
Beskin, S.M., Larin, V.N., and Marin, Yu.B., Redkometall’nye granitovye formatsii (Rare-Metal Granitic Associations), Leningrad: Nedra, 1972.
Bibikova, E.V., Korikovsky, S.P., Sez’ko, A.I., and Fedorovsky, V.S., U-Pb Age of Granites from the Primorsky Complex, West Baikal Region, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1981, vol. 257, no. 2, pp. 462–466.
Bukharov, A.A., Protoaktivizirovannye zony drevnikh platform (Protoactivated Zones of Ancient Platforms), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1987.
Donskaya, T.V., Bibikova, E.V., Mazukabzov, A.M., et al., Primorsky Granite Complex, West Baikal: Geochronology and Geodynamic Typification, Geol. Geof., 2003, vol. 44, no. 10, pp. 1006–1016.
Černý, P. and Ercit, T.S., Some Recent Advances in the Mineralogy and Geochemistry of Nb and Ta Rare-Element Granitic Pegmatites, Bull. Minér., 1985, vol. 108, pp. 499–532.
Eden, P., A Specialized Topaz-Bearing Granite and Associated Mineralized Greisen in the Ahvenisto Complex, SE Finland, Bull. Geol. Soc. Finl., 1991, no. 63, pp. 25–40.
Evolyutsiya yuzhnoi chasti Sibirskogo kratona v dokembrii (Evolution of the Southern Part of the Siberian Craton in Precambrian), Sklyarov, E.V., Ed., Novosibirsk: Siberian Branch, RAS, 2006.
Haapala, I., Magmatic and Postmagmatic Processes in Tin-Mineralized Granites: Topaz-Bearing Leucogranite in the Eurajoki Rapakivi Granite Stock, Finland, J. Petrol., 1997, vol. 38, no. 12, pp. 1645–1659.
Johan, V. and Johan, Z., Accessory Mineral of the Cínovec (Zinnwald) Granite Cupola, Czech Republic. Part 1: Nb-, Ta- and Ti-Bearing Oxides, Miner. Petrol., 1994, vol. 51, pp. 323–343.
Koval, P.V., Petrologiya i geokhimiya al’bitizirovannykh granitov (Petrology and Geochemistry of Albitized Granites), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1975.
Kovalenko, V.I., Petrologiya i geokhimiya redkometall’nykh granitov (Petrology and Geochemistry of Rare-Metal Granites), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1977.
Kosals, Ya.A., Osnovnye cherty geokhimii redkikh elementov v granitoidnykh rasplavakh i rastvorakh (Principles of Geochemistry of Rare Elements in Granitic Melts and Solutions), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1976.
Lenharo, S.L.R., Moura, M.A., and Botelho, N.F., Petrogenetic and Mineralization Processes in Paleo- to Mesoproterozoic Rapakivi Granites: Examples from Pitinga and Goias, Brasil, Precambr. Res., 2002, vol. 119, pp. 277–299.
Larin, A.M., Sal’nikova, E.B., Kotov, A.B., et al., North Baikal Volcanic-Plutonic Belt: Age, Duration of Formation, and Tectonic Setting, Dokl. Earth Sci., 2003, vol. 392, no. 7, p. 963.
Lyakhovich, V.V., Aktsessornye mineraly, ikh genezis, sostav, klassifikatsiya i indikatornye priznaki (Accessory Minerals: Their Genesis, Composition, Classification, and Indicative Attributes), Moscow: Nauka, 1968.
Mineraly. Spravochnik. T. 3. Vyp. 1. Silikaty s odinochnymi i sdvoennymi kremnekislorodnymi tetraedrami (Minerals, Reference Book, Vol. 3, Issue 1: Silicates with Single and Double Silicon-Oxygen Tetrahedrons), Moscow: Nauka, 1972.
Mineraly. Spravochnik. T. 2. Vyp. 3. Slozhnye okisly, titanaty, niobaty, tantalaty, antimonaty, gidrookisly (Minerals. Reference Book, Vol. 2, Issue 3: Complex Oxides, Titanates, Niobates, Tantalates, Antimonates, and Hydroxides), Moscow: Nauka, 1967.
Nedashkovsky, P.G., Kirillov, V.E., Gur’yanov, V.A., and Pakhomova, V.A., Geologicheskoe stroenie i metallogeniya Ulkanskogo vulkanogennogo progiba (yugo-vostok Aldanskogo shchita) (Geologicy and Metallogeny of the Ulkan Volcanic Trough, Southeast Aldan Shield), Vladivostok: Dal’nauka, 2000.
Obukhov, S.P., Rapakivi Granites of the Baikal Region, Cand. Sci. (Geol.-Mineral.) Dissertation, Irkutsk: Inst. Earth’s Crust, 1979.
Petrova, Z.I., Makrygina, V.A., and Antipin, V.S., Petrological-Geochemical Correlation of Rapakavi Granites and Acid Volcanic Rocks from the Frame of the Siberian Craton, Petrology, 1997, vol. 5, no. 3, p. 258.
Pointer, C.M., Ashworth, J.R., and Ixer, R.A., The Zircon-Thorite Mineral Group in Metasomatized Granite, Ririwai, Nigeria, 1. Geochemistry and Metastable Solid Solution of Thorite and Coffinite, Mineral. Petrol., 1988, vol. 38, pp. 245–262.
Ryabykh, A.M. and Ryabykh, E.M., Rare-Metal Mineralization in Granites from the Primorsky Complex, West Baikal Region, in Endogennye poleznye iskopaemye Sayano-Baikal’skoi gornoi oblasti (Endogenic Mineral Deposits of the Sayan-Baikal Mountains), Irkutsk: Vost.-Sibir. Knizhn. Izd., 1974, pp. 86–89.
Shcherba, G.N., Greisen Deposits, in Genezis endogennykh rudnykh mestorozhdenii (Genesis of Endogenic Ore Deposits), Moscow: Nedra, 1968, pp. 378–442.
Tipomorfizm mineralov: spravochnik (Typomorphism of Minerals: Reference Book), L.V, Chernyshova, Ed., Moscow: Nauka, 1989.
Velikoslavinsky, D.A., Birkis, A.P., Bogatikov, O.A., et al., Anortozit-rapakivigranitnaya formatsiya Vostochno-Evropeiskoi platformy (Anorthosite-Rapakivi Granite Association of the East European Craton), Leningrad: Nauka, 1978.
Zaraisky, G.P., Formation Conditions of Main Facial Types of Greisens Based on Experimental Data, Petrology, 1999, vol. 7, no. 4, p. 440.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © V.B. Savel’eva, E.P. Bazarova, N.S. Karmanov, 2011, published in Zapiski RMO (Proceedings of the Russian Mineralogical Society), 2011, No. 2, pp. 38–58.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Savel’eva, V.B., Bazarova, E.P. & Karmanov, N.S. Accessory minerals from the Primorsky rapakivi granite complex, West Baikal Region. Geol. Ore Deposits 53, 708–722 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1075701511080149
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1075701511080149