Abstract
It was shown that in the years when the numbers of the Arctic foxes are high, even though the lemming numbers are high as well, Brent geese nest considerably closer to owls’ nests than in the years with low Arctic fox numbers. At values of the Arctic fox densities greater than one breeding pair per 20 km2, the factor of lemming numbers ceases to affect the distance between owl and geese nests. This distance becomes dependent on the Arctic fox density (numbers). When the Arctic fox density is greater than the pronounced threshold, the owl-Brent internest distance is inversely and linearly related to the Arctic fox density.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Clark, P.J. and Evans, F.C., Distance to the Nearest Neighbour as a Measure of Spatial Relationships in Populations, Ecology, 1954, vol. 35, no. 4, pp. 445–453.
Ebbinge, B.S. and Spaans, B., How Do Brent Geese (Branta bernica) Cope with Evil? Complex Relationships between Predators and Prey, J. Ornithol., 2002, vol. 143, pp. 33–42.
Kharitonov, S.P., Computer Program “Map of the Colony”, the Executable File colonmap.exe, 1999.
Kharitonov, S.P., The Nearest Neighbor Method for Mathematical Evaluation of the Distribution of Biological Objects in the Plane and on the Line, Vestn. Nizhegorod. Univ., Ser. Biol., 2005, no. 1, pp. 213–221.
Kharitonov, S.P., The Spatial-Ethological Structure of Colonies of Semiaquatic Birds, Extended Abstract of Doctoral (Biol.) Dissertation, Moscow: IPEE RAN, 2006.
Kharitonov, S.P., The Study of the Spatial Distribution of Nests in the Colony, in Metody i teoreticheskie aspekty issledovanii morskikh ptits: Mater. V Vseros. Shk. po morsk. biologii, Rostov N/D, 25–27 Oktyabrya 2006 (Methods and Theoretical Aspects of Research on Marine Birds: Proc. VAll-Russia School on Marine Biology, Rostov-on-Don, October 25–27, 2006), Rostov-on-Don: YuNTs RAN, 2007, pp. 83–104.
Kharitonov, S.P., Schekkerman, H., Tulp, I., et al., Ornithological Monitoring of the Meduza Bay Area, Bol’shoi Arkticheskii Reserve, Dixon District, Taimyr Autonomous Area, 2000–2002, Taimyr, in Mater. Mezhdunar. Nauch.-Prakt. Konf. “Biologicheskie resursy i perspektivy ikh ispol’zovaniya,” Dudinka, 5–8 avgusta 2003 g (Mater. Int. Sci.-Pract. Conf. “Biological Resources and Prospects for Their Use,” Dudinka, August 5–8, 2003), St. Petersburg: NPF Asterion, 2003, pp. 101–102.
Kharitonov, S.P., Bublichenko, A.G., and Korkina, S.A., Nesting Ecology of Snowy Owls in the Northwestern Taimyr: A Comparison with Phases of Population Dynamics and Spatial Distribution of Lemmings, in Sovy Severnoi Evrazii (Owls of Northern Eurasia), Volkov, S.V., Morozov, V.V., and Sharikov, A.V., Eds., Moscow: IPEE RAN, 2006, pp. 23–31.
Kharitonov, S.P., Volkov, A.E., Villems, F., et al., Brant Goose Colonies near Snowy Owls: Internest Distances in Relation to Abundance of Lemmings and Arctic Foxes, Biol. Bull., 2008, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 270–278.
Kharitonov, S.P., Novak, D.E., Novak, A.I., et al., Red-Breasted Goose Colonies on the Taimyr Peninsula: Factors Responsible for the Proximity of Goose Nests to Nests of Peregrine Falcons, Rough-Legged Buzzards, and Snowy Owls, Biol. Bull., 2009a, vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 469–478.
Kharitonov, S.P., Novak, D.E., Novak, A.I., et al., White-Fronted and Bean Geese Breeding near Snowy Owls, Peregrine Falcons, and Rough-Legged Buzzards at the Taimyr Peninsula, Biol. Bull., 2009b, vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 643–646.
Kharitonov, S.P, Ivanenko, N.Yu., Chukhareva, I.P., and Anisimov, Yu.A., Using a GPS Navigator for Mapping Bird Colonies: A Methodological Test, Povolzh. Ekol. Zh., 2011, no. 1, pp. 59–69.
Kokorev, Y.I. and Kuksov, V.A., Population Dynamics of Lemmings, Lemmus sibirica and Dicrostonyx torquatus, and Arctic Fox Alopex lagopus on Taimyr Peninsula, Siberia, 1960–2001, Ornis Svecica, 2002, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 139–143.
Kostin, I.O., Biology of the Red-Breasted Goose and Methods Its Protection, Extended Abstract of Cand. Sci. (Biol.) Dissertation, Moscow: VNII Okhr. Prir. Zapoved. Dela, 1985.
Lakin, G.F., Biometriya (Biometry), Moscow: Vyssh. Shk., 1973.
Litvin, K.E. and Ovsyanikov, N.G., Dependence of Breeding and Abundance of Snowy Owls and Arctic Foxes on the Abundance of Lemming on Wrangel Island, Zool. Zh., 1990, vol. 69, no. 4, pp. 52–64.
Menyushina, I.E., Interspecific Relationships between the Snowy Owl (Nuctea scandiaca) and the Arctic Fox (Alopex lagopus) in the Island Arctic Ecosystem, Extended Abstract of Cand. Sci. (Biol.) Dissertation, Moscow: IPEE RAN, 2011.
Menyushina, I.E., Relationships between the Snowy Owl (Nyctea scandiaca L.), Common Eider (Somateria mollissima L.) and Snow Goose (Chen Caerulescens caerulescens L.) during the Nesting Season on Wrangel Island. Heritage of the Russian Arctic, in Res., Conservation and Intern. Cooperation, Proc. Intern. Sci. Willem Barents Memorial Arctic Conservation Symp., Moscow, Russia, March 10–14, 1998, Moscow: 2000, pp. 363–371.
Odum, Yu., Ekologiya (Ecology), Moscow: Mir, 1986, vol. 2.
Popov, I., Some Notes about Lemming Populations at Mys Vostochny, Pyasina Delta, in Pristine Wildness of the Taimyr Peninsula, Ebbinge, B.S. and Mazurov, Yu.L., Eds., Moscow; Heritage Inst., 2006, pp. 23–28.
Pristine Wildness of the Taimyr Peninsula, Ebbinge, B.S. and Masurov, Yu.L., Eds., Moscow: Heritage Inst., 2006.
Quinn, J.L., Prop, J., Kokorev, Ya., and Black, J., Predator Protection or Similar Habitat Selection in Red-Breasted Goose Nesting Associations: Extremes along a Continuum, An. Behav., 2003, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 297–307.
Stishov, M.S., Ostrov Vrangelya—etalon prirody i prirodnaya anomaliya (Wrangel Island: A Standard of Nature and a Natural Anomaly), Yoshkar-Ola: Mariisk. Poligrafkombinat, 2004.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © S.P. Kharitonov, B.S. Ebbinge, J. de Fouw, 2013, published in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Biologicheskaya, 2013, No. 1, pp. 53–59.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kharitonov, S.P., Ebbinge, B.S. & de Fouw, J. Brent goose colonies near snowy owls: Internest distances in relation to breeding arctic fox densities. Biol Bull Russ Acad Sci 40, 45–51 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1134/S106235901301007X
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S106235901301007X