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Physiological Studies on Seedling Growth in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under Interactive Effects of Cadmium and Zinc

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Abstract

Seedlings of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) ‘TG-51’ were raised in sand culture in presence of three different concentrations of cadmium (100, 300 and 500 µM) and two concentrations of zinc (50 and 150 µM) along with their combinations. In general, the root accumulated several times higher content of both the metals than leaf. It was noted that uptake of Cd by root decreased in combined treatment in comparison with the sole application of cadmium. The dry weight of root, stem, leaf as well as the whole seedling significantly decreased under cadmium stress compared to unstressed control. Zinc supplementation in the growing medium minimized the adverse effects of cadmium on seedling growth to some extent but could not completely override it. Presence of zinc in combination with cadmium could further the enhancement of proline accumulation under heavy metal stress at 100 and 300 µM Cd but not at the highest concentration. Zinc supplementation in combination with cadmium also lowered the damaging effect of cadmium on leaf membrane to some extent.Higher supplement of Zn was able to enhance dismutation of Cd-triggered superoxide radical by superoxide dismutase enzyme, facilitating its subsequent detoxification through the involvement of peroxidase and catalase enzymes, thereby highlighting its protective role against oxidative damage under heavy metal stress. The results of PCA indicated that strong positive loadings of dry weight of root, leaves as well as whole seedling at PC 1 (55.7%) while the activities of SOD, GPOX and catalase enzymes at PC 2 (16%) mostly contributed towards discrimination among different treatments.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors acknowledge the assistance extended by AICRP on Groundnut, Kalyani centre, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya for supplying plant materials.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia-741252, Mohanpur, W.B., India

    D. Dutta & A. K. Pal

  2. Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Nadia-741252, Mohanpur, W.B., India

    P. U. Acharjee

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  1. D. Dutta
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  2. A. K. Pal
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  3. P. U. Acharjee
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Correspondence to D. Dutta.

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Abbreviations: CAT—Catalase, EL—electrolyte leakage, GPOX—guaiacol peroxidase, NR—nitrate reductase, PCA— principal component analysis, SOD—superoxide dismutase, TBARS—thiobarbituric acid reactive substances.

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Dutta, D., Pal, A.K. & Acharjee, P.U. Physiological Studies on Seedling Growth in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) under Interactive Effects of Cadmium and Zinc. Russ J Plant Physiol 68 (Suppl 1), S82–S91 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443721070025

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443721070025

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