Abstract
The aggregation kinetics of settling particles is studied theoretically and numerically using the advection–diffusion equation. Agglomeration caused by these mechanisms (diffusion and advection) is important for both small particles (e.g., primary ash or soot particles in the atmosphere) and large particles of identical or close size, where the spatial inhomogeneity is less pronounced. Analytical results can be obtained for small and large Péclet numbers, which determine the relative importance of diffusion and advection. For small numbers (spatial inhomogeneity is mainly due to diffusion), an expression for the aggregation rate is obtained using an expansion in terms of Péclet numbers. For large Péclet numbers, when advection is the main source of spatial inhomogeneity, the aggregation rate is derived from ballistic coefficients. Combining these results yields a rational approximation for the whole range of Péclet numbers. The aggregation rates are also estimated by numerically solving the advection–diffusion equation. The numerical results agree well with the analytical theory for a wide range of Péclet numbers (extending over four orders of magnitude).
REFERENCES
B. Vowinckel, J. Withers, P. Luzzatto-Fegiz, and E. Meiburg, “Settling of cohesive sediment: Particle-resolved simulations,” J. Fluid Mech. 858, 5–44 (2019).
A. Fischer, A. Chatterjee, and T. Speck, “Aggregation and sedimentation of active Brownian particles at constant affinity,” J. Chem. Phys. 150 (6), 064910 (2019).
Y.-J. Yang, A. V. Kelkar, D. S. Corti, and E. I. Franses, “Effect of interparticle interactions on agglomeration and sedimentation rates of colloidal silica microspheres,” Langmuir 32 (20), 5111–5123 (2016).
Ch. Hongsheng, L. Wenwei, Ch. Zhiwei, and Zh. Zhong, “A numerical study on the sedimentation of adhesive particles in viscous fluids using LBM-LES-DEM,” Powder Technol. 391, 467–478 (2021).
J. K. Whitmer and E. Luijten, “Sedimentation of aggregating colloids,” J. Chem. Phys. 134, 034510 (2011).
M. Pinsky, A. Khain, and M. Shapiro, “Collision efficiency of drops in a wide range of Reynolds numbers: Effects of pressure on spectrum evolution,” J. Atmos. Sci. 58, 742–766 (2001).
T. V. Khodzher et al., “Study of aerosol nano-and submicron particle compositions in the atmosphere of Lake Baikal during natural fire events and their interaction with water surface,” Water Air Soil Pollution 232, 266 (2021).
G. Zhamsueva et al., “Studies of the dispersed composition of atmospheric aerosol and its relationship with small gas impurities in the near-water layer of Lake Baikal based on the results of ship measurements in the summer of 2020,” Atmosphere 13, 139 (2022).
H. A. K. Shahad, “An experimental investigation of soot particle size inside the combustion chamber of a diesel engine,” Energy Conversation Manage. 29, 141–149 (1989).
P. L. Krapivsky, A. Redner, and E. Ben-Naim, A Kinetic View of Statistical Physics (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 2010).
F. Leyvraz, “Scaling theory and exactly solved models in the kinetics of irreversible aggregation,” Phys. Rep. 383, 95–212 (2003).
M. V. Smoluchowski, “Attempt for a mathematical theory of kinetic coagulation of colloid solutions,” Z. Phys. Chem. 92, 265–271 (1917).
K. Higashitani, R. Ogawa, G. Hosokawa, and Y. Matsuno, “Kinetic theory of shear coagulation for particles in a viscous fluid,” J. Chem. Eng. Jpn. 15 (4), 299–304 (1982).
P. F. Saffman and N. F. Turner, “On the collision of drops in turbulent clouds,” J. Fluid Mech. 1 (1), 16–30 (1956).
G. Falkovich, A. Fouxon, and M. Stepanov, “Acceleration of rain initiation by cloud turbulence,” Nature 419, 151 (2002).
G. Falkovich, M. G. Stepanov, and M. Vucelja, “Rain initiation time in turbulent warm clouds,” J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol. 45, 591 (2006).
T. G. M. van de Ven and S. G. Mason, “The microrheology of colloidal dispersions: VIII. Effect of shear on perikinetic doublet formation,” Colloid Polym. Sci. 255 (8), 794–804 (1977).
D. H. Melik and H. S. Fogler, “Effect of gravity on Brownian flocculation,” J. Colloid Interface Sci. 101 (1), 84–97 (1984).
D. L. Feke and W. R. Scjowalter, “The effect of Brownian diffusion on shear-induced coagulation of colloidal dispersions,” J. Fluid Mech. 133, 17–35 (1983).
N. van Kampen, Stochastic Processes in Physics and Chemistry (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1992).
A. N. Tikhonov and A. A. Samarsky, Equations of Mathematical Physics (Dover, New York, 2013).
I. Andrianov and A. Shatrov, “Padé approximants, their properties, and applications to hydrodynamic problems,” Symmetry 13, 1869 (2021).
C. Brezinski, History of Continued Fractions and Padé Approximants (Springer, Berlin, 1991).
C. C. Reed and J. L. Anderson, “Hindered settling of a suspension at low Reynolds number,” AIChE J. 26 (5), 816–827 (1980).
A. A. Samarskii and P. N. Vabishchevich, Computational Heat Transfer (Wiley, New York, 1995).
T. A. Davis, “Algorithm 832,” ACM Trans. Math. Software 30 (2), 196–199 (2004)
Funding
The work by Brilliantov, Zagidullin, and Smirnov (derivation of the equations, formulation of the problem, and the numerical computations) was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 21-11-00363) and the work by Matveev (construction of the rational approximation) was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 19-11-00338).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Translated by I. Ruzanova
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Brilliantov, N.V., Zagidullin, R.R., Matveev, S.A. et al. Aggregation Kinetics in Sedimentation: Effect of Diffusion of Particles. Comput. Math. and Math. Phys. 63, 596–605 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S096554252304005X
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S096554252304005X