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Calculating a Rectification Column for Separating Mixtures of Light and Heavy Water

  • PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY OF SEPARATION PROCESSES: CHROMATOGRAPHY
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Abstract

A procedure is proposed for calculating a rectification column for separation of a mixture of light and heavy water that is based on theoretical steps of separation (TSSes). The column is calculated from the bottom to the top TSS. The input data are the number of TSSes, the feed and flow rates of the distillate, the reflux-to-product ratio, the column’s bottom and upper pressure, and the composition of distillation residue. The boiling point, the vapor tension of pure H2O and D2O, the fractionation factor, the activity factors of H2O and D2O, and the composition of equilibrium vapor phase are determined at each TSS from the known composition of the liquid phase at a given pressure. The pressure over the column height is taken to be linear. Diagrams for calculating the column, phase equilibrium at TSS, and boiling point at TSS are given. The procedure is tested on a packed column installed at the Mayak Production Association (Russia) as the last in a cascade of five rectification columns designed for the deprotiation of a heavy-water moderator. A comparison of experimental and calculated data shows the applicability of this procedure for separating mixtures of light and heavy water. Based on activity factors calculated for light and heavy water, it is concluded that a H2O–D2O mixture is not ideal. The procedure is recommended for use in refining the TSS number obtained by modeling column rectification apparatuses in integrated media.

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Notes

  1. If the specified values of \({{x}_{{i,d}}}\) calculated by simultaneously solving the total and component-wise material balance equations differ from the reference values, number N of TSSes is adjusted until the \({{x}_{{i,d}}}\) values used in the working line equation and the reference \({{x}_{{i,d}}}\) values coincide with a certain accuracy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kuban State Technological University, 350072, Krasnodar, Russia

    T. G. Korotkova & G. I. Kas’yanov

Authors
  1. T. G. Korotkova
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  2. G. I. Kas’yanov
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Correspondence to T. G. Korotkova or G. I. Kas’yanov.

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Translated by K. Utegenov

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Korotkova, T.G., Kas’yanov, G.I. Calculating a Rectification Column for Separating Mixtures of Light and Heavy Water. Russ. J. Phys. Chem. 95, 1051–1060 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036024421050186

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036024421050186

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