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Structure and Properties of Polyethersulfone Membranes Based on Polyethersulfone–Nonsolvent–Solvent Systems

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Abstract

The effect of degree of saturation of casting solutions (α*—the ratio of the nonsolvent amount added to the polymer solution to the non-solvent amount which causes phase separation) and nonsolvent power on the structure and performance of membranes prepared from system “Polyethersulfone (PES)– non-solvent–solvent” have been studied. Nonsolvent power has been characterized in terms of precipitation number (PN), i.e., the amount of nonsolvent that leads to phase separation of 100 mL of a 1% PES solution. Glycerol (PN = 27.8 g/dL), polyethylene glycol 400 (PN > 1000 g/dL), and their mixtures have been used as a nonsolvent additive to the casting solution. It has been shown that membranes with a nice spongy structure are formed in the case of using casting solutions located near the binodal line. In this case, the membrane flux depends on the nonsolvent power: the higher the PN of the nonsolvent, the higher the membrane flux. The highest flux is exhibited by membranes prepared from casting solutions with a degree of saturation of α* = 0.52–0.81 depending on the PN of the nonsolvent. In this case, macrovoids are present in the structure of the supporting layer of the membranes; the size and shape of the macrovoids also depend on the PN of the nonsolvent: the higher the PN, the larger the macrovoid size in the membrane supporting layer. The results have made it possible to propose a new approach to obtaining PES membranes with a desired structure and properties.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Belarusian Republican Foundation for Fundamental Research (project no. X18M-044).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Physical Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072, Minsk, Republic of Belarus

    A. V. Bildyukevich & T. A. Hliavitskaya

  2. Lykov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 220072, Minsk, Republic of Belarus

    G. B. Melnikova

Authors
  1. A. V. Bildyukevich
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  2. T. A. Hliavitskaya
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  3. G. B. Melnikova
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Correspondence to T. A. Hliavitskaya.

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Translated by M. Timoshinina

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Bildyukevich, A.V., Hliavitskaya, T.A. & Melnikova, G.B. Structure and Properties of Polyethersulfone Membranes Based on Polyethersulfone–Nonsolvent–Solvent Systems. Membr. Membr. Technol. 2, 283–295 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2517751620050029

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