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Approach to Establishment of Environmental Responsibility Zones of Enterprises and Natural–Anthropogenic Background Soil Values

  • DEGRADATION, REHABILITATION, AND CONSERVATION OF SOILS
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Abstract

An approach to delineation of the zones of the environmental responsibility of enterprises—sources of anthropogenic impact on the environmental components—is considered. This approach is based on the definition of boundary indicators of the natural–anthropogenic background for soils, as well as sanitary and nature protection zones. The ecological state of soils, which reflects the general state of the environment corresponding to the current level of anthropogenic load on the natural complex of lands is proposed as a priority integral indicator for establishing the boundaries of nature protection zones. The method for establishing the zones of environmental responsibility of point sources of anthropogenic impact is substantiated, which contributes to the further scientific and practical development of the system of environmental monitoring, ecological control, environmental impact assessment, environmental expertise, as well as the organization of the system of the ecological zoning and rationing of the territory. This approach is illustrated by the example of the Srendeural’skii copper smelter. The environmental responsibility zone of this enterprise has been determined on the basis of a nonlinear model (Gendugov and Glazunov, 2014); it has a variable size with the boundaries within 3.6–6.7 km from the point source of impact. The value of the natural-anthropogenic background as a geometric mean of the concentrations of priority pollutants typical of this type of production (Cu, Pb, Cd, and Zn) in the surface soil layer reaches 68 mg/kg. The level of the natural background for the study area is 20 mg/kg. The analysis of the spatial distribution of the actual NDVI values within the environmental responsibility zone of the enterprise, as well as in the background territories, confirms the validity of the ranking of heavy metal concentrations in the soil on the basis of singular points of the theoretical model and reflecting the degree of anthropogenic impact.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors express their deep gratitude to Dr. Sci. (Biol.), professor G.P. Glazunov and Cand. Sci. (Phys.–Math.), leading researcher V.M. Gendugov for creating a theoretical model for assessing and standardizing the state of soils and vegetation in the area affected by an industrial enterprise.

Funding

The study was partially supported by the Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Lomonosov Moscow State University “The Future of the Planet and Global Environmental Changes”, as well as within the framework of the state task of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation “Soil Information Systems and Optimization of the Use of Soil Resources” (CITIS number: 121040800147-0).

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  1. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    A. S. Yakovlev & M. V. Evdokimova

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Correspondence to A. S. Yakovlev.

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Translated by V. Klyueva

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Yakovlev, A.S., Evdokimova, M.V. Approach to Establishment of Environmental Responsibility Zones of Enterprises and Natural–Anthropogenic Background Soil Values. Eurasian Soil Sc. 55, 1295–1305 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229322090150

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