Abstract
Source–sink relations in the “leaf–stem–root” system at the time of cambial growth were studied in two forms of silver birch: common birch (Betula pendula Roth var. pendula) and Karelian birch (B.pendula var. carelica (Merckl.) Hämet-Ahti). As compared with common birch, reduced sucrose content in the leaves of elongated (auxiblasts) and short (brachyblasts) twigs of Karelian birch is associated with the accumulation of starch. In common birch, a pronounced sucrose gradient between the phloem (responsible for sucrose delivery to sink tissues) and xylem (the main acceptor of sucrose flowing from the leaves) points to an active consumption of the disaccharide in the production of structural elements of wood. As compared with common birch, in the phloem of Karelian birch where apoplast invertase activity is high, the content of sucrose decreases and the level of starch rises. Formation of anomalous patterned wood is associated with a suppression of sucrose synthase pathway and activation of the apoplastic pathway of sucrose utilization. At the same time, the content of cellulose in the tissues decreases and the level of starch increases. Sucrose gradient between the phloem and xylem in the anomalous areas is less pronounced. We suppose that, as a result of metabolism transformation in Karelian birch, the sink power of trunk tissues increases, which shows itself in structural and functional peculiarities of the source of photoassimilates—the leaves of brachyblasts that are larger in size in Karelian birch.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We thank I.N. Sofronova and M.N. Podgornaya for their help in the biochemical analysis. This work was supported by federal budgetary funds appropriated for the state assignment given to the Karelian Research Center (Forest Research Institute, Karelian Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project nos. 16-04-01191 and 16-04-100639_r_а).
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Translated by N. Balakshina
Abbreviations: ApInv—apoplastic invertase; AU—auxiblasts, elongated shoots; BR—brachyblasts, short shoots; Chl b—chlorophyll b; Chl а—chlorophyll а; LHC—light-harvesting complex; SS—sucrose synthase.
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Galibina, N.A., Novitskaya, L.L. & Nikerova, K.M. Source–Sink Relations in the Organs and Tissues of Silver Birch during Different Scenarios of Xylogenesis. Russ J Plant Physiol 66, 308–315 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443719020067
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443719020067