Abstract
The paper is devoted to multiplicative lower estimates for the L 1 norm and their applications in analysis and number theory. Multiplicative inequalities of the following three types are considered: martingale (for the Haar system), complex trigonometric (for exponential sums), and real trigonometric. A new method for obtaining sharp bounds for the integral norm of trigonometric and power series is proposed; this method uses the number-theoretic and combinatorial characteristics of the spectrum. Applications of the method (both in H 1 and L 1) to an important class of power density spectra, including [n α] with 1 ≤ α < ∞, are developed. A new combinatorial theorem is proved that makes it possible to estimate the arithmetic characteristics of spectra under fairly general assumptions.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. Zygmund, Trigonometric Series, 2nd ed. (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1959; Mir, Moscow, 1965), Vols. 1, 2.
S. V. Bochkarev, “Fourier Coefficients of Functions of Class Lip α with Respect to Complete Orthonormalized Systems,” Mat. Zametki 7(4), 397–402 (1970) [Math. Notes 7, 239–242 (1970)].
S. V. Bochkarev, “Absolute Convergence of Fourier Series with Respect to Complete Orthonormal Systems,” Usp. Mat. Nauk 27(2), 53–76 (1972) [Russ. Math. Surv. 27, 55–81 (1972)].
A. Zygmund, “Remarque sur la convergence absolue des séries de Fourier,” J. London Math. Soc. 3, 194–196 (1928).
R. Salem, “On a Theorem of Zygmund,” Duke Math. J. 10, 23–31 (1943).
J.-P. Kahane, Séries de Fourier absolument convergentes (Springer, Berlin, 1970), Ergebn. Math. Grenzgebiete 50.
I. Wik, “Criteria for Absolute Convergence of Fourier Series of Functions of Bounded Variation,” Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 163, 1–24 (1971).
S. V. Bochkarev, “On a Problem of Zygmund,” Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 37(3), 630–638 (1973) [Math. USSR, Izv. 7, 629–637 (1973)].
S. V. Bochkarev, “On the Absolute Convergence of Fourier Series in Bounded Complete Orthonormal Systems of Functions,” Mat. Sb. 93(2), 203–217 (1974) [Math. USSR, Sb. 22, 201–216 (1974)].
S. V. Bochkarev, A Method of Averaging in the Theory of Orthogonal Series and Some Problems in the Theory of Bases (Nauka, Moscow, 1978), Tr. Mat. Inst. im. V.A. Steklova, Akad. Nauk SSSR 146 [Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 146 (1980)].
S. V. Bochkarev, “Logarithmic Growth of Arithmetic Means of Lebesgue Functions of Bounded Orthonormal Systems,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 223(1), 16–19 (1975) [Sov. Math., Dokl. 16, 799–802 (1975)].
A. M. Olevskii, Fourier Series with Respect to General Orthogonal Systems (Springer, Berlin, 1975).
S. V. Bochkarev, “Absolute Convergence of Fourier Series with Respect to Bounded Systems,” Mat. Zametki 15(3), 363–370 (1974) [Math. Notes 15, 207–211 (1974)].
S. V. Bochkarev, “Hausdorff-Young-Riesz Theorem in Lorentz Spaces and Multiplicative Inequalities,” Tr. Mat. Inst. im. V.A. Steklova, Ross. Akad. Nauk 219, 103–114 (1997) [Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 219, 96–107 (1997)].
S. V. Konyagin, “On a Problem of Littlewood,” Izv. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. Mat. 45(2), 243–265 (1981) [Math. USSR, Izv. 18, 205–225 (1982)].
O. C. McGehee, L. Pigno, and B. Smith, “Hardy’s Inequality and the L 1 Norm of Exponential Sums,” Ann. Math. 113(3), 613–618 (1981).
S. V. Bochkarev, “Vallée-Poussin Series in the Spaces BMO, L 1, and H 1(D) and Multiplicative Inequalities,” Tr. Mat. Inst. im. V.A. Steklova, Ross. Akad. Nauk 210, 41–64 (1995) [Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 210, 30–46 (1995)].
S. V. Bochkarev, “A New Method for Estimating the Integral Norm of Exponential Sums: Application to Quadratic Sums,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk 386(2), 156–159 (2002) [Dokl. Math. 66 (2), 210–212 (2002)].
S. V. Bochkarev, “A Method for Estimating the L 1 Norm of an Exponential Sum Based on Arithmetic Properties of the Spectrum,” Tr. Mat. Inst. im. V.A. Steklova, Ross. Akad. Nauk 232, 94–101 (2001) [Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 232, 88–95 (2001)].
S. V. Bochkarev, “Multiplicative Inequalities for Functions from the Hardy Space H 1 and Their Application to the Estimation of Exponential Sums,” Tr. Mat. Inst. im. V.A. Steklova, Ross. Akad. Nauk 243, 96–103 (2003) [Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 243, 89–97 (2003)].
S. V. Bochkarev, “New Multiplicative Inequalities and Estimates for the L 1-Norms of Trigonometric Series and Polynomials,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk 404(6), 727–730 (2005) [Dokl. Math. 72 (2), 762–765 (2005)].
A. N. Kolmogoroff, “Une série de Fourier-Lebesgue divergente presque partout,” Fund. Math. 4, 324–328 (1923).
E. F. Beckenbach and R. Bellman, Inequalities (Springer, Berlin, 1961; Mir, Moscow, 1965).
C. Holley, “On the Representation of a Number as the Sum of Two Cubes,” Math. Z. 82, 259–266 (1963).
C. Holley, “On Another Sieve Method and the Numbers That Are a Sum of Two hth Powers,” Proc. London Math. Soc. 43(1), 73–109 (1981).
S. V. Bochkarev, “New Inequalities in the Littlewood-Paley Theory and Estimates of the L 1 Norm of Trigonometric Series and Polynomials,” Tr. Mat. Inst. im. V.A. Steklova, Ross. Akad. Nauk 248, 64–73 (2005) [Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 248, 59–68 (2005)].
S. V. Konyagin, “On a Bound for the L 1 Norm of an Exponential Sum,” in Int. Conf. on the Theory of Approximation of Functions and Operators (Yekaterinburg, 2000), pp. 88–89.
M. Z. Garaev, “Upper Bounds for the Number of Solutions of a Diophantine Equation,” Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 357(6), 2527–2534 (2005).
S. V. Bochkarev, “Multiplicative Estimates for the L 1 Norm of Exponential Sums,” in Metric Function Theory and Related Problems of Analysis (AFTs, Moscow, 1999), pp. 57–68 [in Russian].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Original Russian Text © S.V. Bochkarev, 2006, published in Trudy Matematicheskogo Instituta imeni V.A. Steklova, 2006, Vol. 255, pp. 55–70.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bochkarev, S.V. Multiplicative inequalities for the L 1 norm: Applications in analysis and number theory. Proc. Steklov Inst. Math. 255, 49–64 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0081543806040055
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0081543806040055