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Structural, Functional, and Evolutionary Characteristics of Proteins with Repeats

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Abstract

The review summarizes and systematizes the data on the classification, taxonomic distribution, structural features, and functions of proteins with structural repeats. Modern approaches to the identification of structural repeats in proteins are considered. Features of specialized databases of protein domains are described. The review discusses the prospects of using repeat-containing proteins as scaffolds for drug design. The role of proteins with structural repeats in the pathogenesis of various diseases is considered. Various modern approaches to understanding the mechanisms of the evolutionary development of proteins with repeats are described and analyzed.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 20-14-50211).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biological Instrumentation, Pushchino Biological Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290, Pushchino, Moscow oblast, Russia

    E. I. Deryusheva

  2. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino Biological Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290, Pushchino, Moscow oblast, Russia

    A. V. Machulin

  3. Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290, Pushchino, Moscow oblast, Russia

    O. V. Galzitskaya

  4. Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290, Pushchino, Moscow oblast, Russia

    O. V. Galzitskaya

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Translated by T. Tkacheva

Abbreviations: TPR, tetratricopeptide repeat; LRR, leucine-rich repeat; AR, ankyrin repeat; ArmR, armadillo repeat; HEAT (Huntingtin-EF3-PP2A-TOR1), huntingtin, elongation factor 3, protein phosphatase 2A, kinase TOR1; TIM, triose phosphate isomerase; WD40, β-transducin; AFP, antifreeze protein; HMM, hidden Markov model; DARPin, designed ankyrin repeat protein; dArmRP, designed armadillo repeat protein; CTPR, consensus tetratricopeptide repeat protein.

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Deryusheva, E.I., Machulin, A.V. & Galzitskaya, O.V. Structural, Functional, and Evolutionary Characteristics of Proteins with Repeats. Mol Biol 55, 683–704 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0026893321040038

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