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The Vertebrate Exoskeleton: Geometric Patterns of the Armor Relief Formation in Early Jawless Vertebrates (Agnatha, Vertebrata)

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Abstract

Analysis of data on the hard cover structure in various osteostracan taxa (Osteostraci, Agnatha) allowed us to describe geometric patterns of the armor relief formation during morphogenesis of the Vertebrate external skeleton. A circular model of the formation of exoskeletal surface relief has been proposed. A mechanism providing a complete set of the exoskeleton sculpture types was shown to exist already since early Vertebrates.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The work presents fossil materials on the Paleozoic armored vertebrates from the collections of the Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow (PIN RAS) and American Museum of Natural History, New York (AMNH).

Funding

The study was in part supported by the Russian Foundation of Basic Research (grant 14–04–01507).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    O. B. Afanassieva

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  1. O. B. Afanassieva
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Correspondence to O. B. Afanassieva.

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The author declares that there are no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies involving animals or human participants performed by the author.

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Translated by A. Nikolaeva

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Afanassieva, O.B. The Vertebrate Exoskeleton: Geometric Patterns of the Armor Relief Formation in Early Jawless Vertebrates (Agnatha, Vertebrata). Dokl Biol Sci 489, 161–164 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0012496619060012

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0012496619060012

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