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Superoxide Anion Radical Generation in Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain

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Abstract

This review analyzes data available in the literature on the rates, characteristics, and mechanisms of oxygen reduction to a superoxide anion radical at the sites of photosynthetic electron transport chain where this reduction has been established. The existing assumptions about the role of the components of these sites in this process are critically examined using thermodynamic approaches and results of the recent studies. The process of O2 reduction at the acceptor side of PSI, which is considered the main site of this process taking place in the photosynthetic chain, is described in detail. Evolution of photosynthetic apparatus in the context of controlling the leakage of electrons to O2 is explored. The reasons limiting application of the results obtained with the isolated segments of the photosynthetic chain to estimate the rates of O2 reduction at the corresponding sites in the intact thylakoid membrane are discussed.

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Abbreviations

Fd:

ferredoxin

FNR:

ferredoxin:NADP+ oxidoreductase

DCPIP:

2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol

DNP-INT:

dinitrophenyl ether 2-iodine-4-nitrotimol

Em :

midpoint redox potential

PETC:

photosynthetic electron transport chain

PhQ:

phylloquinone

PQ:

plastoquinone

PSI:

photosystem I

PSII:

photosystem II

QA and QB :

primary and secondary quinone acceptors of photosystem II, respectively

QO and QR :

quinol-oxidizing (QO site) and quinol-reducing (QR site) sites of the b6f complex, respectively

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Dr. M. M. Borisova for valuable discussions during preparation of the review.

Funding

This work was financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation, grant no. 22-24-01074.

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  1. Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia

    Marina A. Kozuleva & Boris N. Ivanov

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  1. Marina A. Kozuleva
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M.A.K. – writing the text; B.N.I. – editing the article.

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Correspondence to Marina A. Kozuleva.

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Kozuleva, M.A., Ivanov, B.N. Superoxide Anion Radical Generation in Photosynthetic Electron Transport Chain. Biochemistry Moscow 88, 1045–1060 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297923080011

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