Skip to main content
Log in

From the Geophysical Contrasts of the Caspian Sea to Morphogenetic Differences of Caspian Seals

  • Published:
Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper proposes an approach to differentiating the Caspian seal population into separate subpopulations. The Caspian seal, despite the island nature of its habitat, has a high level of genetic and craniometric diversity and a developed intraspecific phylogenetic structure. The most complex and variable geophysical parameters of the northern Caspian are considered in a single connection with the morphological and genetic characteristics of the seals living there. The results of this work indicate that the idea of a single population of the Caspian seal is not sufficiently complete.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Aristov, A.A. and Baryshnikov, G.F., Mlekopitayushchie fauny Rossii i sopredel’nykh territorii: Khishchnye i lastonogie (Mammals in the Fauna of Russia and Neighboring Areas: Preadtors and Pinnipeds), SPb.: Izd-vo SpbGU, 2001.

  2. Fulton, T. and Strobeck, C., Multiple fossil calibrations, nuclear loci and mitochondrial genomes provide new insight into biogeography and divergence timing for true seals (Phocidae, Pinnipedia), J. Biogeogr., 2010, no 37, pp. 814–829.

  3. Geptner,V.G., Morskie mlekopitayushchie Sovetskogo Soyuza (Marine Mammals of the Soviet Union), Moscow: Vysshay-a shkola, 1976, vol. 2.

  4. Glants, S., Mediko-biologicheskaya statistika (Biomedical Statistics). Moscow: Praktika, 1998.

  5. Gmelin, J., Caroli Linne systema natura per regna tria natura.Lipsiae, 1788, vol. I, p.500

    Google Scholar 

  6. Hall, T., BioEdit: A user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT, Nucleic Acids Symp. Ser., 1999, pp. 95–98.

  7. Kimura, M., A simple method for estimating evolutionary rates of base substitutions through comparative studies of nucleotide sequences, Mol. Evol., 1980, no 2, pp. 111–120.

  8. Khuras’kin, L.S. and Zakharova, N.A., The Caspian seal: problems and state of the exploited population, in Sostoyanie zapasov promyslovykh ob’’ektov na Kaspii i ikh ispol’zovanie (The State and Use of Economically Relevant Animal Stocks in the Caspian Sea), Astrakhan’, 2001, pp. 338–347.

  9. Klevezal’ G.A., Printsipy i metody opredeleniya vozrasta mlekopitayushchikh (Principles and Methods for Estimating the Age of Mammals), Moscow: T-vo nauch. izd. KMK, 2007.

  10. Kornienko, I.V., Vodolazhskii, D.I., Veiko, V.P., Shcherbakov, V.V., and Ivanov P.L., Podgotovka biologicheskogo materiala dlya molekulyarno-geneticheskikh issledovanii pri massovom postuplenii neopoznannykh tel (Biological Material Preparation for Molecular Genetic Tests in the Case of Massive Influx of Unidentified Bodies), Ivanov, P.L., Ed., Rostov n/D: Rostizdat, 2001.

  11. Lavrova, O.Yu, Kostyanoi, A.G., Lebedev, S.A., Mityagina, M.I, Ginzburg, A.I., and Sheremet, N.A., Kompleksnyi sputnikovyi monitoring morei Rossii (Multicomponent Satellite Monitoring of Russia’s Seas), Moscow: IKI RAN, 2011. URL: http://www.iki.rssi.ru/ asp/dep_proj/pr555_11.pdf

  12. Lewis-Oritt, N., van den Bussche, R., and Baker, R. Molecular evidence for evolution of piscivory innoctilio (Chiroptera: Noctilionidae), J. Mammal., 2001, vol. 82 (3), pp. 748–759.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Mann, H.B., and Whitney, D.R., On a test of whether one of two random variables is stochastically larger than the other, Ann. Math. Stat., 1947, no 1, pp. 50–60.

  14. Ognev, S.I., Zveri SSSR i prilezhashchikh stran: Zveri Vostochnoi Evropy i Severnoi Azii. T. III. Khishchnye i lastonogie (Animals of the USSR and Neighboring Countries: Animals of Eastern Europe and Northern Asia, Vol. III. Predators and Pinnipeds), Moscow: Gos. izd-vo biol. i med. lit-ry, 1935.

  15. Palo, J., Genetic diversity and phylogeography of landlocked seals, Academic Dissertation, Helsinki, 2003.

  16. Palo, J. and Vainola, R., The enigma of the landlocked Baikal and Caspian seals addressed through phylogeny of phocine mitochondrial sequences, Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 2006, no. 88, pp. 61–72.

  17. Sasaki, H., Numachi, K., and Grachev, M.A., The origin and genetic relationships of the Baikal seal, Phoca sibirica, by restriction analysis of mitochondrial DNA, Zool. Sci., 2003, no. 20, pp. 1417–1422.

  18. Severtsov, A.S., Evolyutsionnyi stazis i mikroevolyutsiya (Evolutionary Status and Microevolution), Moscow, 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Smirnov, N.A., Opredelitel’ lastonogikh Evropy i Severnoi Azii, Izv. Otd. Prikl. ikhtiol, (Guide for the Identification of European and Northern Asian Pinnipeds. Commun. Dept. Appl. Ichthyol), 1929, p. 263

    Google Scholar 

  20. Smirnov, N.A. and Chapskii, K.K., Izv. Ikhtiol. in-ta, 1932, vol. XIII, pp. 133–146.

  21. Vodolazhskii, D.I., Oleinikov, E.P., and Kondakov, A.A., The potential of molecular genetic studies in the Caspian seal population, in Materialy Molodezhnoi ekologicheskoi konferentsii - 2009 (Materials of Youth Conference on Ecology), Rostov-on-Don, 2009, pp. 25–26.

  22. Yanina, T.A., Neopleistotsen Ponto-Kaspiya: biostratigrafiya, paleogeografiya, korrelyatsiya (Neopleistocene of the Ponto-Caspian Region: Biostratigraphy, Paleogeography, Correlation), Moscow, MGU, 2012.

  23. Zemskii, V.A., and Krylov, V.I., On the internal structure of Caspian seal populations, in Morskie mlekopitayushchie (Marine Mammals), Moscow, 1982, pp 71–82.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are grateful to D.I. Vodolazhskii for the set of works carried out.

Funding

This study was carried out within the governmental project no. AAAA-A19-119011190176-7 (0256-2019-0037).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Eu. V. Verbitsky.

Ethics declarations

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Translated by N. Semenova

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Verbitsky, E.V., Oleinikov, E.P. & Kondakov, A.A. From the Geophysical Contrasts of the Caspian Sea to Morphogenetic Differences of Caspian Seals. Izv. Atmos. Ocean. Phys. 55, 1614–1622 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433819110173

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0001433819110173

Keywords:

Navigation