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Trends in the Territorial Organization of Industry in Post-Soviet Russia and Their Potential Environmental Consequences

  • VARIATIONS IN SOCIOECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT BY REGION
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Abstract

The trends of the territorial organization of industry associated with new industrial construction in post-Soviet Russia are determined. An exceptionally high territorial differentiation of industrial construction was revealed. This is manifested in its concentration in a small number of areas and in its superconcentration in the metropolitan regions. The northern and eastern regions of the country are distinguished by focal industrial development and the dominance of mining enterprises. In Asian Russia, the Yamalo-Nenets and Khanty-Mansi autonomous okrugs are distinguished by large-scale industrial construction, but the density of development is low. Against the total fragmentation of the single national economic complex in the course of market reforms, certain signs of spontaneous complexation appeared. In the new economic conditions, new industries have arisen: the extraction of oil and natural gas resources on the shelf of the Okhotsk, Caspian, Baltic, Pechora and Black seas; liquefied natural gas plants; and car assembly enterprises. Analysis of the structure of the new industrial construction revealed no signs of its greening. Two-thirds of the new facilities are related to basic, environmentally aggressive industries. The increasing concentration of industry in a few areas of economic activity, oriented mainly outward, is the main vector of Russia’s territorial development. A similar vector prevailing in the conditions of the market element is poor in quality from both environmental and geopolitical aspects.

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Notes

  1. Hereinafter, unless otherwise indicated, calculations are according to official Rosstat data of [21–23].

  2. The growing role of Moscow in domestic industry is a statistical flaw, a consequence of registration of the largest companies in the capital. Thus, the volume of shipped production by “mining” type economic activity in Moscow in 2016 amounted to RUB 966.5 bln. It turns out that the capital is responsible for 8.2% of the country’s mining output.

  3. By production we mean the extracted volumes of subsurface natural material, based on our calculations: mineral resources, along with simultaneously recoverable host rocks, associated gas, etc.

  4. D.L. Armand’s book, published in 1964 by the Mysl’ publishing house and considered the forerunner of the now popular concept of sustainable development, was called For Us and Our Grandchildren.

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  6. Kommersant. August 28, 2018. https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/3725447.

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Funding

The study was carried out within the framework of the state-ordered research theme of the Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences (no. 0148-2019-0008) “Problems and Prospects of Russia’s Territorial Development in Terms of Its Unevenness and Global Instability”.

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  1. Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017, Moscow, Russia

    N. N. Klyuev

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Correspondence to N. N. Klyuev.

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Klyuev, N.N. Trends in the Territorial Organization of Industry in Post-Soviet Russia and Their Potential Environmental Consequences. Reg. Res. Russ. 10, 135–142 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079970520020070

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