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Climate-Determined Changes of Organic Carbon Stocks in the Arable Chernozem of Kursk Region

  • APPLIED PROBLEMS OF ARID LAND DEVELOPMENT
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Abstract

Two biogeochemical simulation models describing carbon turnover in soil, the DeNitrification–DeComposition (DNDC) model and the Rothamsted Long-Term Field Experiment Carbon (RothC) model, have been parameterized in accordance with the conditions of arable leached chernozems of Kursk region and validated based on soil СО2 emission measurement data at Kursk Biosphere Station, Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, as a case study on five crops: winter wheat, barley, corn, sunflower, and potato. The modeling has served to reconstruct dynamics of organic carbon content in soil (SOC) over the period of 1990–2018. The RothC model generated the region-specific characteristics of SOC losses, which primarily depend on the weather conditions at an average rate of 342 ± 54 kg С/ha year. The outcomes of the DNDC model are more crop-specific and demonstrate maximal SOC losses under corn (272 kg С/ha year) and maximal accumulation under winter wheat (266 kg С/ha year). The period was characterized by a steady increase in heat supply, including the annual average air temperature (0.68°С/10 years) and growing degree-days (224°С day/10 years). The coefficients of variation of the precipitation and moisture indices in the region exceed 20% over the period. The arable chernozems of Kursk region is characterized by moderate and strong positive correlations between the SOC dynamics and thermal environment conditions including growing degree-days, Selyaninov hydrothermal coefficient, Sapozhnikova moisture index. The contribution of warm-period precipitation is less significant.

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Funding

The carbon content was assessed based on two models as a part of the Russian Science Foundation project no. 18-17-00178, “The development of the novel concept of land degradation neutrality to assess the effectiveness of the approaches for sustainable land use and climate change adaptation.” Field surveys were conducted a part of the topic procured by the State from Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences no. 0148-2019-0006, “Natural and anthropogenic-changed soils on the basis of modern scientific concepts and technologies for the purposes of rational environmental management.” Changes in climate conditions were measured in accordance with the topic procured by the State from Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences no. 0148-2019-0009, “Climate changes and their consequences for the environment and vital activity of population on the territory of Russia.”

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017, Moscow, Russia

    O. E. Sukhoveeva & D. V. Karelin

  2. Kursk State University, 305000, Kursk, Russia

    A. N. Zolotukhin

  3. Center for Forest Ecology and Productivity, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997, Moscow, Russia

    D. V. Karelin

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  1. O. E. Sukhoveeva
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Correspondence to O. E. Sukhoveeva.

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Translated by E. Kuznetsova

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Sukhoveeva, O.E., Zolotukhin, A.N. & Karelin, D.V. Climate-Determined Changes of Organic Carbon Stocks in the Arable Chernozem of Kursk Region. Arid Ecosyst 10, 148–155 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2079096120020122

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