Abstract
Electrodeposited layers of nickel show different growth characteristics depending on the composition of the electrolyte, namely the type of the anion, the presence or the absence of boric acid and the pH. These process parameters are examined in the present work in order to elucidate their influence upon the growth texture and the related surface morphology of the electrodeposits. The relationship between process and structure is investigated by studying the transient electrochemical behavior during deposition, in order to discriminate between different interface conditions corresponding to different growth modes. The observed preferred orientations can be in this way linked to different reactive species, which are assumed to be present at the surface, and to their stability. The correlation between kinetics and structure in nickel electrodeposition reported in the present work and the similar correlation found in cobalt electrodeposition suggest a rationalization of the growth modes of ECD inert metals, based on the correspondence between the transient Tafel parameter and the growth texture observed in defined conditions.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Finch, G., Quarrel, A., and Wilman, H., Trans. Faraday Soc., 1935, vol. 31, p. 1051; Finch, G. and Sun, C., Ibid., 1936, vol. 32, p. 852; Finch, G. and Williams, A., Ibid., 1937, vol. 33, p. 564; Finch, G. and Yang, L., Discuss. Faraday Soc., 1947, vol. 1, p. 144; Finch, G., Z. Elektrochem., 1950, Bd 54, S. 457; Finch, G. and Layton, D., J. Electrodepositors’ Tech. Soc., 1951, vol. 27, p. 215.
Pangarov, N., J. Electroanal. Chem., 1965, vol. 9, p. 70.
Stranski, I.N. and Kaishev, R., Z. Physik. Chem., 1934, Bd 26, S. 100, 114, 312; Ann. Physik, 1935, Bd 23, S. 330; Physik Z., 1935, Bd 36, S. 393.
Fischer, H., Elektrolytische Abscheidung und Elektrokristallisation von Metallen, Berlin: Springer, 1954; Fischer, H., Electrochim. Acta, 1960, vol. 2, p. 50; Eichkorn, G., Schlitter F.W., and Fischer, H., Z. Phys. Chem., 1968, Bd 62, p. 1; Fischer, H., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 1969, vol. 8, p. 108; Plating, 1969, vol. 56, p. 1229; Electrodepos. Surf. Treat., 1972/73, vol. 1, p. 239, 319.
Reddy, A., J. Electroanal. Chem., 1963, vol. 6, p. 141.
Reddy, A. and Ragopalayan, S., Ibid., 1963, vol. 6, p. 153, 159.
Winand, R., Hydrometallurgy, 1992, vol. 29, p. 567.
Cavallotti, P.L., Bozzini, B., Nobili L., and Zangari, G., Electrochim. Acta, 1994, vol. 39, p. 1123.
Piontelli, R., J. Chim. Phys., 1949, vol. 46, p. 288; Zh. Elektrochem., 1951, vol. 55, p. 128.
Despić, A.R., Comprehensive Treatise of Electrochemistry, Vol. 7; Conway, B.E., Bockris, J. O’M., Yeager, E., Khan, S.U.M., and White, R.E., Eds, New York: Plenum, 1983, p. 474.
Gorbunova, K.M., Electrochim. Acta, 1965, vol. 10, p. 367.
Epelboin, I., Froment, M., and Maurin, G., Plating, 1969, vol. 56, p. 1356.
Amblard, J., Froment, M., and Spyrellis, N., Surface Technol, 1977, vol. 5, p. 205.
Amblard, J., Epelboin, I., Froment, M., and Maurin, G., J. Appl. Electrochem., 1979, vol. 9, p. 233.
Amblard, J., Froment, M., Maurin, G., Spyrellis N., and Trevisan-Souteyrand, E., Electrochim. Acta, 1983, vol. 28, p. 909.
Kollia, C., Spyrellis, N., Amblard, J., Froment M., and Maurin, G., J. Appl. Electrochem., 1990, vol. 20, p. 1241.
Banerjee, B.C. and Goswami, A., J. Electrochem. Soc., 1959, vol. 106.
Maurin, G. and Froment, M., Compt. Rend., 1966, vol. 263C, p. 981.
Vicenzo, A. and Cavallotti, P.L., Electrochim. Acta, 2004, vol. 49, p. 4079.
Cavallotti, P.L., Gobbato, L., Nobili L., and Vicenzo, A., Proc. AESF SURIFIN 1999, Orlando: AESF INC., 1999, p. 325.
Harris, G.B., Phil. Mag., 1952, vol. 43, p. 113.
Mueller, M.H., Chernock, W.P., and Beck, P.A., AIME Trans., 1958, vol. 212, p. 39.
Piontelli, R., Poli, G., and Serravalle, G., Trans. Symp. on Electrode Processes, Yeager, E., Ed., New York: Wiley, 1959, p. 67; Piontelli, R., Electrochim. Metall., 1966, vol. 1, p. 5.
Argyriou, A. and Spyrellis, N., Trans. IMF, 1993, vol. 71, p. 83.
Karayannis, H.S., and Patermarakis, G., Electrochim. Acta, 1995, vol. 40, p. 1079.
Cavallotti, P.L. and Vicenzo, A., Fundamental Aspects of Electrochemical Deposition and Dissolution, Landolt, D., Matlosz, M., and Sato, Y., Eds., PV 99-33, Pennington: The Electrochemical Society, 2001, p. 123.
JI, J., Cooper, W.C., Dreisinger, D.B., and Peters, E., J. Appl. Electrochem., 1995, vol. 25, p. 642.
Cavallotti, P.L., Colombo, D., Ducati, U., and Piotti, A., Electrodeposition Technology Theory and Practice, Romankiw, L. and Turner, D.A., Eds., PV 87-17, Pennington: The Electrochemical Society, 1987, p. 429.
Vicenzo, A., Cavallotti, P.L., J. Appl. Electrochem., 2002, vol. 32, p. 743.
Bard, A.J. and Faulkner, L.R., Electrochemical Methods, New York: Wiley, 1980, p. 249.
Kudryavtsev, N.T., Yarlykov, M.M., and Mel’nikova, M.M., Zh. Prikl. Khim., 1965, vol. 38, p. 545.
Hoare, J.P., J. Electrochem. Soc., 1986, vol. 133, p. 2491; Ibid., 1987, vol. 134, 3102.
Abyaneh, M.Y. and Hashemi-Pour, M., Trans. IMF, 1993, vol. 72(1), p. 23.
Ives, A.G., Edington, J.W., and Rothwell, G.P., Electrochim. Acta, 1970, vol. 15, p. 1797.
Nakahara, S. and Felder, E.C., J. Electrochem. Soc., 1982, vol. 129, p. 45.
Tilak, B.V., Gendron, A.S., and Mosoiu, M.A., J. Appl. Electrochem., 1977, vol. 7, p. 495.
Horkans, J., J. Electrochem. Soc., 1981, vol. 128, p. 45.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Published in Russian in Elektrokhimiya, 2008, Vol. 44, No. 6, pp. 771–783.
The text was submitted by the authors in English.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Vicenzo, A., Cavallotti, P.L. Structure and electrokinetic study of nickel electrodeposition. Russ J Electrochem 44, 716–727 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1023193508060128
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1023193508060128