Abstract
The structure and the internal stress fields in R65 rails withdrawn from operation because of side wear after long-term operation are studied and estimated. A high scalar dislocation density (higher by a factor of 1.5–2), the fragmentation of cementite lamellae, and the precipitation of carbide particles are detected in the layers adjacent to the roll surface. The stresses at the boundaries of the particles with the ferrite matrix can exceed the ultimate strength of the steel.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. M. Glezer, “On the nature of ultrahigh plastic (megaplastic) deformation,” Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Fiz. 71 (12), 1767–1776 (2007).
Yu. Ivanisenko and H. J. Fecht, “Microstructure modification in the surface layers of railway rails and wheels,” Steel Tech. 3 (1), 19–23 (2008).
E. A. Shur, Damage of Rails (Intekst, Moscow, 2012).
Yu. Ivanisenko, I. Maclaren, X. Souvage, R. Z. Valiev, and H. J. Fecht, “Shear-induced α → γ transformation in nanoscale Fe–C composite,” Acta Materialia 54, 1659–1669 (2006).
V. G. Gavriljuk, “Decomposition of cementite in pearlitic steel due to plastic deformation,” Mater. Sci. Eng. A 345, 81–89 (2003).
Yu. Ivanisenko, W. Lojkowski, and H. J. Fecht, “Stressand strain induced phase transformations in pearlitic steels,” Mater. Sci. Forum 539–543, 4681–4686 (2007).
Yu. F. Ivanov, V. E. Gromov, O. A. Peregudov, K. V. Morozov, A. B. Yur’ev, et al., “Evolution of the structure–phase states in rails during long-term operation,” Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Chern. Metall., No. 4, 262–266 (2015).
V. E. Gromov, K. V. Morozov, and Yu. F. Ivanov, “Analysis of structure phase states in a bulk hardened and head hardened rails,” AIP Conf. Proc. 1623, 191–194 (2014).
V. E. Gromov, A. B. Yuriev, Yu. F. Ivanov, K. V. Morozov, S. V. Konovalov, K. V. Alsaraeva, and O. A. Semina, “Superior quality rails: structure-phase states and defect substructure,” Adv. Mater. Res. 1013, 127–132 (2014).
V. E. Gromov, K. V. Morozov, Yu. F. Ivanov, K. V. Volkov, et al., “Formation of the gradients of structure, phase composition, and defect substructure in differentially quenched rails,” Rossiiskie Nanotekhnologii 9 (5–6), 59–62 (2014).
Yu. F. Ivanov, V. E. Gromov, A. B. Yur’ev, K. V. Volkov, K. V. Morozov, et al., “Formation of internal stress fields in rails,” Probl. Chern. Metallurg. Materialoved., No. 1, 79–84 (2014).
V. E. Panin, V. A. Likhachev, and Yu. V. Grinyaev, Structural Levels of Deformation of Solids (Nauka, Novosibirsk, 1985).
V. V. Rybin, Large Plastic Deformation and Fracture of Metals (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1986).
J. Eshelby, Continuum Theory of Dislocations (Izd. Inostr. Liter., Moscow, 1963).
V. M. Finkel’, Physical Foundations of Fracture Retardation (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1977).
N. A. Koneva and E. V. Kozlov, “Nature of substructural strengthening,” Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Fiz., No. 8, 3–14 (1982).
V. I. Vladimirov, Physical Theory of Strength and Plasticity. Point Defects. Hardening and Recovery (LPI, Leningrad, 1975).
M. Shtremel’, Strength of Alloys. Part I. Lattice Defects (MISiS, Moscow, 1999).
N. A. Koneva, E. V. Kozlov, L. I. Trishkina, and D. V. Lychagin, “Long-range stress fields, bending–torsion of a crystal lattice, and the stages of plastic deformation. Measurement methods and results,” in Proceedings of International Conference on New Methods in the Physics and Mechanics of Deformable Solids (TGU, Tomsk, 1990), pp. 83–93.
V. E. Gromov, E. V. Kozlov, V. I. Bazaikin, V. Ya. Tsellermaer, Yu. F. Ivanov, et al., Physics and Mechanics of Drawing and Forging (Nedra, Moscow, 1997).
Yu. F. Ivanov, V. V. Tsellermaer, L. N. Ignatenko, N. A. Popova, V. E. Gromov, and E. V. Kozlov, “Electron-diffraction analysis of the defect substructure and the stress fields near the a matrix/cementite interphase boundary,” Materialovedenie, No. 1, 40–44 (2001).
Yu. F. Ivanov, E. V. Kornet, E. V. Kozlov, and V. E. Gromov, Quenched Structural Steel: Structure and Hardening Mechanisms (SibGIU, Novokuznetsk, 2010).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © O.A. Peregudov, K.V. Morozov, V.E. Gromov, A.M. Glezer, Yu.F. Ivanov, 2015, published in Deformatsiya i Razrushenie Materialov, 2015, No. 11, pp. 34–37.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Peregudov, O.A., Morozov, K.V., Gromov, V.E. et al. Formation of internal stress fields in rails during long-term operation. Russ. Metall. 2016, 371–374 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036029516040182
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036029516040182