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Population Status of Two Wedgefish Species in Western Indonesian Inner Waters, Inferred from Demographic Models with Limited Data

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Abstract

Wedgefish (family Rhinidae) is a group of elasmobranchs that experience a global threat due to its highly valued fins. Similar condition happens to most species of wedgefish inhabiting Indonesian waters where fishing activities are intense without sufficient management controls and lack of supporting studies on their sustainabilities. In order to get a picture of wedgefish populations in Indonesia, the current study employing demographic analysis was performed to know the population status of two wedgefish species (Rhynchobatus australiae and Rhina ancylostoma) from western Indonesian waters (including the Java Sea, Karimata and southern Makassar Straits). Age-based matrix models were used involving two scenarios of populations with and without fishing. Monte carlo simulation was applied to incorporate uncertainties in life-history parameters. The results show contrasting productivities for R. australiae and R. ancylostoma. R. australiae is sufficiently productive, indicated by high population growth rates in both with and without fishing scenarios. In contrast, the population of R. ancylostoma grows positively only in the unfished scenario, but the growth is negative in the with-fishing scenario. This finding indicates that the current level of exploitation caused the depletion in the population of R. ancylostoma. The current level of fishing can be maintained for R. australiae to give optimum benefits to fishery communities, while for R. ancylostoma, substantial reduction in fishing is required. Protection of young fish (juveniles up to age at first reproduction) is recommended in both fish since population growths are very sensitive to the changes in these stages.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We thank the enumerators who had been collecting the length data of R. australiae and R. ancylostoma at Tegalsari Coastal Fishing Port (Tegal), Bajomulyo Coastal Fishing Port (Pati), Tasik Agung Coastal Fishing Port (Rembang), Brondong Archipelagic Fishing Port (Lamongan) and Sungai Kakap Fish Landing Port (Pontianak) in the years 2017, 2018 and 2019. A gratitude also goes to Muhammad Fauzan who helped prepare the map in Fig. 1.

Funding

The study was funded by (a) COREMAP-CTI through Priority Research Program of Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Budgetary Year 2018 and 2019, (b) DIPA of Regional Office for Marine and Coastal Resources Management Denpasar, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Budgetary Year 2017−2019, and (c) Shark Conservation Fund (SCF) through Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) Indonesia Program and REKAM Nusantara Foundation, Budgetary Year 2019.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Jakarta, Indonesia

    W. Kurniawan, S. Oktaviyani &  Fahmi

  2. Wildlife Conservation Society, Indonesia Program (WCS-IP), Bogor, Indonesia

    B. M. Simeon & S. Ula

  3. Institut Pertanian Bogor (IPB) University, Bogor, Indonesia

    D. P. Yuwandana

  4. REKAM Nusantara Foundation, Bogor, Indonesia

    D. P. Yuwandana

  5. World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia

    R. R. Yuneni

  6. Regional Office for Marine and Coastal Resources Management (BPSPL), Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKP), Denpasar, Indonesia

    P. Yudiarso

  7. Research Institute for Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries (KKP), Jakarta, Indonesia

    U. Chodrijah

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Kurniawan, W., Oktaviyani, S., Simeon, B.M. et al. Population Status of Two Wedgefish Species in Western Indonesian Inner Waters, Inferred from Demographic Models with Limited Data. J. Ichthyol. 61, 433–451 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S003294522103005X

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