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X-ray reflectivity and grazing incidence diffraction studies of interaction between human adhesion/growth-regulatory galectin-1 and DPPE—GM1 lipid monolayer at an air/water interface

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Abstract

The specific interaction of ganglioside GM1 with the homodimeric (prototype) endogenous lectin galectin-1 triggers growth regulation in tumor and activated effector T cells. This proven biorelevance directed interest to studying association of the lectin to a model surface, i.e. a 1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine/ganglioside GM1 (80: 20 mol%) monolayer, at a bioeffective concentration. Surface expansion by the lectin insertion was detected at a surface pressure of 20 mN/m. On combining the methods of grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and X-ray reflectivity, a transient decrease in lipid-ordered phase of the monolayer was observed. The measured electron density distribution indicated that galectin-1 is oriented with its long axis in the surface plane, ideal for cis-crosslinking. The data reveal a conspicuous difference to the way the pentameric lectin part of the cholera toxin, another GM1-specific lectin, is bound to the monolayer. They also encourage further efforts to monitor effects of structurally different members of the galectin family such as the functionally antagonistic chimera-type galectin-3.

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Abbreviations

Ctx:

cholera toxin pentamer

DPPE:

1,2-dihexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine

Gal:

galectin

GIXD:

grazing incidence X-ray diffraction

LC phase:

lipid-condensed phase

PSD:

position-sensitive detector

XR:

X-ray reflectivity

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neutron Scattering Center, Los Alamos Neutron Science Center, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA

    J. Majewski

  2. Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Veterinärstr. 13, 80539, München, Germany

    S. André & H.-J. Gabius

  3. Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA

    E. Jones & E. Chi

Authors
  1. J. Majewski
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  2. S. André
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  3. E. Jones
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  4. E. Chi
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  5. H.-J. Gabius
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Correspondence to H.-J. Gabius.

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Published in Russian in Biokhimiya, 2015, Vol. 80, No. 7, pp. 1119-1134.

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Majewski, J., André, S., Jones, E. et al. X-ray reflectivity and grazing incidence diffraction studies of interaction between human adhesion/growth-regulatory galectin-1 and DPPE—GM1 lipid monolayer at an air/water interface. Biochemistry Moscow 80, 943–956 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297915070135

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0006297915070135

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