Abstract
This paper studies a model of coordinated influence in a social network in which several members, called players, can jointly affect the opinions of other members, called agents, during a finite period of time. The model is treated as a cooperative dynamic game. The influence of players is expressed by declaring their opinions which are then considered and weighted by the agents to form their own opinions. The goal is to find the declared opinions of players focusing only on associated costs as well as on the average deviation of agents beliefs from the desired ones. Under coordination, the total costs of players are distributed using the Shapley value. If there is no information about the degrees of trust of agents to each other, these degrees are estimated using a centrality measure. Numerical simulation is performed for a well-known social network of a university karate club and for a lattice graph often used for modeling of spatial networks.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Boltyanskii, V.G., Optimal’noe upravlenie diskretnymi sistemami (Optimal Control of Discrete-Time Systems), Moscow: Nauka, 1973.
Acemoglu, D. and Ozdaglar, A., Opinion Dynamics and Learning in Social Networks, Dynam. Games Appl., 2011, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 3–49.
Barabanov, I.N., Korgin, N.A., Novikov, D.A., and Chkhartishvili, A.G., Dynamic Models of Informational Control in Social Networks, Autom. Remote Control, 2010, vol. 71, no. 11, pp. 2417–2126.
Basar, T. and Olsder, G.J., Dynamic Noncooperative Game Theory, New York: Academic, 1999, 2nd ed.
Bauso, D. and Cannon, M., Consensus in Opinion Dynamics as a Repeated Game, Automatica, 2018, vol. 90, pp. 204–211.
Bindel, D., Kleinberg, J., and Oren, S., How Bad Is Forming Your Own Opinion?, Games Econom. Behav., 2015, vol. 92, pp. 248–265.
Buechel, B., Hellmann, T., and Klößner, S., Opinion Dynamics and Wisdom under Conformity, J. Econom. Dynam. Control, 2015, vol. 52, pp. 240–257.
Bure, V., Parilina, E., and Sedakov, A., Consensus in Social Networks with Heterogeneous Agents and Two Centers of Influence, Int. Conf. on Stability and Control Processes (SCP) in Memory of V.I. Zubov, 2015, pp. 233–236.
Bure, V., Parilina, E., and Sedakov, A., Consensus in a Social Network with Two Principals, Autom. Remote Control, 2017, vol. 78, no. 8, pp. 1489–1499.
Chander, P. and Tulkens, H., A Core of an Economy with Multilateral Environmental Externalities, Int. J. Game Theory, 1997, vol. 26, pp. 379–401.
DeGroot, M.H., Reaching a Consensus, J. Am. Statist. Ass., 1974, vol. 69, no. 345, pp. 118–121.
Etesami, S.R. and Basar, T., Game-Theoretic Analysis of the Hegselmann—Krause Model for Opinion Dynamics in Finite Dimensions, IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, 2015, vol. 60, no. 7, pp. 1886–1897.
Freeman, L.C., Centrality in Social Networks Conceptual Clarification, Social Networks, 1978, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 215–239.
Friedkin, N.E. and Johnsen, E.C., Social Influence and Opinions, J. Math. Sociology, 1990, vol. 15, no. 3–4, pp. 193–206.
Ghaderi, J. and Srikant, R., Opinion Dynamics in Social Networks with Stubborn Agents: Equilibrium and Convergence Rate, Automatica, 2014, vol. 50, no. 12, pp. 3209–3215.
Gubanov, D.A., Novikov, D.A., and Chkhartishvili, A.G., Informational Influence and Informational Control Models in Social Networks, Autom. Remote Control, 2011, vol. 72, no. 7, pp. 1557–1597.
Haurie, A., Krawczyk, J., and Zaccour, G., Games and Dynamic Games, Singapore: World Scientific, 2012.
Hegselmann, R. and Krause, U., Opinion Dynamics and Bounded Confidence Models, Analysis, and Simulation, J. Artific. Soc. Social Simulation, 2002, vol. 5, no. 3.
Golub, B. and Jackson, M.O., Naive Learning in Social Networks and the Wisdom of Crowds, Am. Econom. J.: Microeconomics, 2010, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 112–49.
Krawczyk, J.B. and Tidball, M., A Discrete-Time Dynamic Game of Seasonal Water Allocation, J. Optimiz. Theory Appl., 2006, vol. 128, no. 2, pp. 411–429.
Lin, N., Foundations of Social Research, New York: McGraw-Hill, 1976.
Niazi, M.U.B., Özgüler, A.B., and Yıldız, A., Consensus as a Nash Equilibrium of a Dynamic Game, 12th Int. Conf. on Signal-Image Technology & Internet-Based Systems, 2016, pp. 365–372.
Rajan, R., Endogenous Coalition Formation in Cooperative Oligopolies, Int. Econom. Rev., 1989, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 863–876.
Sabidussi, G., The Centrality Index of a Graph, Psychometrika, 1966, vol. 31, no. 4, pp. 581–603.
Starr, A.W. and Ho, Y.C., Further Properties of Nonzero-Sum Differential Games, J. Optimiz. Theory Appl., 1969, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 207–219.
Zachary, W.W., An Information Flow Model for Conflict and Fission in Small Groups, J. Anthropol. Res., 1977, vol. 33, no. 4, pp. 452–473.
Zhang, J., Tipping and Residential Segregation: A Unified Schelling Model, J. Regional Sci., 2011, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 167–193.
Funding
This work was supported by the Shandong Province “Double-Hundred Talent Plan,” project no. WST2017009.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Russian Text © The Author(s), 2018, published in Matematicheskaya Teoriya Igr i Ee Prilozheniya, 2018, No. 4, pp. 30–58.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rogov, M.A., Sedakov, A.A. Coordinated Influence on the Opinions of Social Network Members. Autom Remote Control 81, 528–547 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0005117920030108
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0005117920030108