The purpose of this study was to develop a scale measuring multi-faceted as well as multi-dimensional work motivations in Japanese organizations. It also sought to verify the scale’s validity and reliability. In study 1, items of the scale were developed based on Barrick, Stewart, and Piotrowski’s (2002) work on a prior scale, and included additional content on motivational aspects of learning. These items were further elaborated and examined in two preliminary investigations to determine whether each reflected three core dimensions: directivity, persistence, and strength. In study 2, web surveys comprising the items were administered to 600 Japanese employees whose responses were later analyzed. An exploratory factor analysis was performed to ascertain the scale’s validity and reliability, which revealed 4 factors: accomplishment, competition, cooperation, and learning-oriented motivation. This factor structure was confirmed in Study 3 with two samples of 209 nurses and 467 system engineers. This final phase of our research also demonstrated that competition-oriented motivation was associated with decreased negative job performance among employees of Japanese hospitals.