The contrast of defects in inelastically scattered electrons

The theory for the contrast of stacking faults and dislocations in electrons which have been scattered inelastically is derived. Small-angle plasmon and single-electron scattering show similar contrast to the elastically scattered electrons. Phonon scattering by large angles away from strongly excited Bragg reflections shows reversed contrast and small-angle phonon scattering gives better contrast for defects near the top of the specimen.