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Laboratory Search for a Long-Range T-Odd, P-Odd Interaction from Axionlike Particles Using Dual-Species Nuclear Magnetic Resonance with Polarized Xe129 and Xe131 Gas

M. Bulatowicz, R. Griffith, M. Larsen, J. Mirijanian, C. B. Fu, E. Smith, W. M. Snow, H. Yan, and T. G. Walker
Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 102001 – Published 3 September 2013

Abstract

Various theories beyond the standard model predict new particles with masses in the sub-eV range with very weak couplings to ordinary matter. A new P-odd and T-odd interaction between polarized and unpolarized nucleons proportional to K·r is one such possibility, where r is the distance between the nucleons and K is the spin of the polarized nucleon. Such an interaction involving a scalar coupling gs at one vertex and a pseudoscalar coupling gp at the polarized nucleon vertex can be induced by the exchange of spin-0 bosons. We used the NMR cell test station at Northrop Grumman Corporation to search for NMR frequency shifts in polarized Xe129 and Xe131 when a nonmagnetic zirconia rod is moved near the NMR cell. Long (T220s) spin-relaxation times allow precision measurements of the NMR frequency ratios, which are insensitive to magnetic field fluctuations. Combined with existing theoretical calculations of the neutron spin contribution to the nuclear angular momentum in xenon nuclei, the measurements improve the laboratory upper bound on the product gsgpn by 2 orders of magnitude for distances near 1 mm. The sensitivity of this technique can be increased by at least two more orders of magnitude.

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  • Received 23 January 2013

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.102001

© 2013 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

M. Bulatowicz, R. Griffith, M. Larsen, and J. Mirijanian

  • Northrop Grumman Corporation, Woodland Hills, California 91367, USA

C. B. Fu, E. Smith, W. M. Snow, and H. Yan

  • Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA
  • Center for Exploration of Energy and Matter, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47408, USA

T. G. Walker*

  • University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA

  • *tgwalker@wisc.edu

See Also

Constraints on Spin-Dependent Short-Range Interaction between Nucleons

K. Tullney, F. Allmendinger, M. Burghoff, W. Heil, S. Karpuk, W. Kilian, S. Knappe-Grüneberg, W. Müller, U. Schmidt, A. Schnabel, F. Seifert, Yu. Sobolev, and L. Trahms
Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 100801 (2013)

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Vol. 111, Iss. 10 — 6 September 2013

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