Figure 1

(a) The autonomous time series of anodic current $\left(I\right)$ showing aperiodic spiking behavior. The anodic voltage $\left(V\right)$ was fixed at $640\mathrm{mV}$. In all the experiments involving three electrodes the anode, cathode, and reference were placed in a triangular configuration. The electrolyte composition is the same as mentioned in the text. (b) The autocorrelation function (ACF) calculated for a larger segment of the time series presented in (a). (c) The multipeaked histogram for the interspike intervals obtained from the time series (larger segment) of (a). (d) The broadband Fourier spectra computed for the time series (larger segment) of (a).Reuse & Permissions

Figure 2

(a) Control of period-1 spiking behavior in the electrochemical cell exhibiting chaotic spiking behavior. The anodic potential $\left(V_0\right)$ was $640\mathrm{mV}$. The electrolyte composition is the same as mentioned in the text. The anodic current is plotted over a period during which the control is switched off, on, off, on, and off. The control parameters are $\gamma =64\mathrm{mV}$ and $\nu =0.4\mathrm{Hz}$. (b) A close-up of the domain without control shows the autonomous aperiodic spike sequence. (c) A close-up of the domain with control shows the controlled period-1 spiking behavior.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 3

The superimposed chaotic anodic current $(I_1,I_2)$ time series reveal the emergence of the amplitude synchronization phenomena when the two anodes were placed at a horizontal distance of $1.5\mathrm{cm}$. The two anodes and the cathode were placed in an isosceles triangle configuration wherein the vertical distance between the cathode and the anodes was $2.5\mathrm{cm}$. The two anodic voltages $(V_1,V_2)$ were chosen identical at $640\mathrm{mV}$. The electrolyte composition is the same as mentioned in the text.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 4

(a) The superimposed time series (nine) of autonomous chaotic spiking behavior obtained from successive experimental runs. An average of about 22 peaks was recorded for each experiment. The lack of mutual correspondence between these time series is manifested by a random distribution of the observed spikes. The anodic voltage was chosen to be $640\mathrm{mV}$. The electrolyte composition is the same as mentioned in the text. (b) The superimposed time series (nine) for the stochastically perturbed chaotic spiking behavior. An average of about 22 peaks was recorded for each experiment. Under the influence of noise the average spiking frequency is augmented. Nonetheless, the spike sequence retains its chaotic profile. The reliability of the spiking sequence under stochastic modulations is manifested by the coincidence of spiking events for the different time series. The anodic voltage was being continuously modulated $V=V_0+\xi$ where $V_0=640\mathrm{mV}$ and $\xi$ is the noise sequence provided in the lower part of the figure. The electrolyte composition is the same as mentioned in the text.Reuse & Permissions