We study the behavior of a hadronic matter in the presence of an external magnetic field within the van der Waals hadron resonance gas model, considering both attractive and repulsive interactions among the hadrons. Various thermodynamic quantities like pressure ($P$), energy density ($ϵ$), magnetization ($\mathcal{M}$), entropy density ($s$), squared speed of sound ($c_{\mathrm{s}}^2$), and specific-heat capacity at constant volume ($c_v$) are calculated as functions of temperature ($T$) and static finite magnetic field ($eB$). We also consider the effect of baryochemical potential (${\mu }_B$) on the above-mentioned thermodynamic observables in the presence of a magnetic field. Further, we estimate the magnetic susceptibility (${\chi }_{\mathrm{M}}^2$), relative permeability (${\mu }_{\mathrm{r}}$), and electrical susceptibility (${\chi }_{\mathrm{Q}}^2$) which can help us to understand the system better. Through this model, we quantify a liquid-gas phase transition in the $T-eB-{\mu }_B$ phase space.

• Received 7 June 2023
• Accepted 4 October 2023

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.108.074028

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Published by the American Physical Society