Abstract
Quantum criticality provides an important route to revealing universal nonequilibrium behavior. A canonical example of a critical point is the Bose-Hubbard model, which we study under the application of an electric field. A Boltzmann transport formalism and expansion are used to obtain the nonequilibrium conductivity and current noise. This approach allows us to explicitly identify how a universal nonequilibrium steady state is maintained, by identifying the rate-limiting step in balancing Joule heating and dissipation to a heat bath. It also reveals that the nonequilibrium distribution function is very far from a thermal distribution.
- Received 31 October 2013
- Revised 8 December 2013
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.88.220512
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