Motivated by recent experiments [D. R. Ward et al., Nat. Nanotechnol. 5, 732 (2010)], we present here a theoretical analysis of the optical response of sharp gold electrodes separated by a subnanometer gap. In particular, we have used classical finite difference time domain simulations to investigate the electric-field distribution in these nanojunctions upon illumination. Our results show a strong confinement of the field within the gap region, resulting in a large enhancement compared to the incident field. Enhancement factors exceeding ${10}^3$ are found for interelectrode distances on the order of a few angstrom, which are fully compatible with the experimental findings. Such huge enhancements originate from the coupling of the incident light to the evanescent field of hybrid plasmons involving charge density oscillations in both electrodes.

• Received 2 March 2011

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.83.193404