We report direct experimental evidence showing induced magnetic moments on Ge at the interface in an $\mathrm{Fe}∕\mathrm{Ge}$ system. Details of the x-ray magnetic circular dichroism and resonant magnetic scattering at the Ge $L$ edge demonstrate the presence of spin-polarized $s$ states at the Fermi level, as well as $d$-character moments at higher energy, which are both oriented antiparallel to the moment of the Fe layer. Use of the sum rules enables extraction of the $L∕S$ ratio, which is zero for the $s$ part and $\sim 0.5$ for the $d$ component. These results are consistent with layer-resolved electronic structure calculations, which estimate that the $s$ and $d$ components of the Ge moment are antiparallel to the $\mathrm{Fe}3d$ moment and have a magnitude of $\sim 0.01{\mu }_B$.

• Received 12 March 2004

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.70.033201