We present a theoretical study of an interaction-driven quantum phase diagram of twisted bilayer ${\mathrm{MoTe}}_2$ at hole filling factor ${\nu }_h=1$ as a function of twist angle $\theta$ and layer potential difference $V_z$, where $V_z$ is generated by an applied out-of-plane electric field. At $V_z=0$, the phase diagram includes quantum anomalous Hall insulators in the intermediate $\theta$ regime and topologically trivial multiferroic states with coexisting ferroelectricity and magnetism in both small and large $\theta$ regimes. There can be two transitions from the quantum anomalous Hall insulator phase to topologically trivial out-of-plane ferromagnetic phase, and finally to in-plane ${120}^{\circ }$ antiferromagnetic phase as $|V_z|$ increases, or a single transition without the intervening ferromagnetic phase. We show explicitly that the spin vector chirality of various ${120}^{\circ }$ antiferromagnetic states can be electrically switched. We discuss the connection between the experimentally measured Curie-Weiss temperature and the low-temperature magnetic order based on an effective Heisenberg model with magnetic anisotropy.

• Received 4 October 2023
• Revised 2 January 2024
• Accepted 5 January 2024

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.109.L041106