Flipping of antiferromagnetic to superconducting states in pressurized quasi-one-dimensional manganese-based compounds

Sijin Long, Long Chen, Yuxin Wang, Ying Zhou, Shu Cai, Jing Guo, Yazhou Zhou, Ke Yang, Sheng Jiang, Qi Wu, Gang Wang, Jiangping Hu, and Liling Sun

Phys. Rev. B 106, 214515 – Published 16 December 2022

Abstract

One of the universal features of unconventional superconductors is that the superconducting (SC) state is developed in the proximity of an antiferromagnetic (AFM) state. Unified understanding the interplay between these two states in different superconducting systems is one of the key issues to uncover the underlying physics of unconventional SC mechanism. Here, we report a pressure-induced superconductivity in the quasi-one-dimensional $Cs {Mn}_{6} {Bi}_{5}$ compound that bears an AFM state at ambient pressure. The SC state appears at the critical pressure $(P_{c})$ of $\sim 12$ GPa and stabilizes up to $\sim 27$ GPa. The high-pressure x-ray-diffraction measurements on $Cs {Mn}_{6} {Bi}_{5}$ indicate that no structural phase transition occurs at the $P_{c}$ , indicating that the AFM-SC transition is electronic in origin. By comparing the previous results of $A {Mn}_{6} {Bi}_{5}$ ( $A = K$ , Rb), we identify that all members of the family possess the genetic flipping behavior of AFM-SC states at almost the same $P_{c}$ , though their ambient-pressure unit-cell volumes vary quite differently. Our theoretical calculations suggest that the pressure-induced changes of partial density of state contributed by the $d_{y z}$ and $d_{x z} / d_{z^{2}}$ orbital electrons near Fermi energy may be associated with the origin of the flipping. These results provide a diverse picture of the connection between the AFM and SC states in the $3 d -$ transition-metal compounds.

Received 30 July 2022
Revised 26 November 2022
Accepted 6 December 2022

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.106.214515

Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

Antiferromagnetism Superconductivity

1-dimensional systems Unconventional superconductors

Pressure techniques

Condensed Matter, Materials & Applied Physics

Authors & Affiliations

Sijin Long^1,2,*, Long Chen ^1,2,*, Yuxin Wang^1,2,*, Ying Zhou^1,2,*, Shu Cai¹, Jing Guo ^1,4, Yazhou Zhou¹, Ke Yang³, Sheng Jiang³, Qi Wu¹, Gang Wang ^1,2,4,†, Jiangping Hu^1,2,‡, and Liling Sun ^1,2,4,§

¹Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
²University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
³Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facilities, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
⁴Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, China

^*These authors contributed equally to this work.
^†gangwang@iphy.ac.cn
^‡jphu@iphy.ac.cn
^§llsun@iphy.ac.cn

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Vol. 106, Iss. 21 — 1 December 2022

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Images

Figure 1
Crystal structure and properties of $Cs {Mn}_{6} {Bi}_{5}$ at ambient pressure. (a) Crystal structure of $Cs {Mn}_{6} {Bi}_{5}$ viewed along the $b$ axis and perpendicular to the $b c$ plane. Intercolumn bonds Bi2-Bi2 and Bi3-Bi3 are labeled. Lower right shows an optical photograph of the as-grown single crystals with a grid size of 2 mm. (b) Temperature-dependent resistivity ρ( $T$ ) for $Cs {Mn}_{6} {Bi}_{5}$ single crystal measured with $I$ ⊥rod and $I ∥$ rod ([010] direction). Black solid line is the parallel-resistor formula fit and dashed lines denote the transition temperatures. Inset shows the temperature-dependent anisotropic resistivity ratio $r = ρ_{⊥} / ρ_{∥}$ . (c) Temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility χ( $T$ ) of $Cs {Mn}_{6} {Bi}_{5}$ single crystal under 1 T for $H$ ⊥rod and $H ∥$ rod. Black solid lines are corresponding Curie-Weiss fittings from 110 to 300 K. Inset shows the corresponding Zero-field-cooling (ZFC) and Field-cooling (FC) curves under 0.5 T. (d) Temperature-dependent specific-heat capacity for $Cs {Mn}_{6} {Bi}_{5}$ single crystal. Upper inset is the enlarged specific-heat capacity around 80 K and the lower inset shows the $C_{p} / T$ vs $T^{2}$ , where the red solid line is the linear fitting using the Debye model. $T_{N}$ denotes the AFM ordering temperature determined by the maxima in dρ/dT, dχT/dT, and $C_{p}$ .
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Figure 2
Temperature dependence of the resistance and determination of upper critical field for the pressurized $Cs {Mn}_{6} {Bi}_{5}$ samples. (a) Resistance results measured from 300 to 1.5 K for sample No. 1 in the pressure range of 2.7–11.6 GPa. (b) Low-temperature resistance of sample No. 1, showing a clear superconducting transition. (c) Resistance measurements on sample No. 2 in the pressure range of 7.0–33.1 GPa. (d), (e) Enlarged views of (c), displaying the details about the superconducting transition of sample No. 2. (f) Resistance results of sample No. 3 measured from 300 to 1.5 K in the pressure range of 4.2–29 GPa. (g) Resistance measurements under different magnetic fields for the pressurized sample No. 3 subjected to 13.3 GPa. (f) Plots of $T_{c}$ vs upper critical field $(H_{c 2})$ for sample No. 3 measured at 13.3 and 17.0 GPa, respectively. Dashed lines represent the Ginzburg-Landau (GL) fits to the data of $H_{c 2}$ .
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Figure 3
X-ray-diffraction results of the $Cs {Mn}_{6} {Bi}_{5}$ sample collected at high pressure. (a) X-ray-diffraction patterns measured at different pressures, showing no structural phase transition in the experimental pressure range up to 43.7 GPa. (b), (c) Lattice parameters $a, b$ , and $c$ vs pressure. (d), (e) Pressure dependence of cell volume $V$ and $β$ angle, respectively.
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Figure 4
Pressure-temperature phase diagram and related information for $Cs {Mn}_{6} {Bi}_{5}$ . (a) Pressure-temperature phase diagram, displaying the evolution of antiferromagnetic (AFM) and superconducting (SC) states with increasing pressure. M represents the nonsuperconducting metallic state. (b) Pressure dependence of $β$ angle. (c) Calculated partial density of state (PDOS) from the $d_{y z}, d_{x z}$ , and $d_{z^{2}}$ orbital electrons of Mn atoms as a function of pressure. Dashed lines are guides for the eye.
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