Figure 1

(a) Xe $“4p”$ photoelectron spectrum measured at a photon energy of $220.3\mathrm{eV}$. The locations of the ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{+}$ $“4{p”}^{-1}$ fine components observed in a higher resolution photoelectron spectrum [12] are indicated. (b) Xe $“4p”$ Auger electron spectrum deduced from the coincidence dataset, where $“4p”$ photoelectrons in the kinetic energy range of $70.5–77.8\mathrm{eV}$ are used for filtering the coincidence events relevant to the $“4p”$ decay. The relative intensities of the ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{2+}$ structures in Fig. 1b are listed in Table .Reuse & Permissions

Figure 2

Energy level diagram for ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{+}$, ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{2+}$, ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{3+}$, and ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{4+}$ states. The arrows indicate the triple Auger process associated with the Coster-Kronig transition from ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{+}$ $“4{p”}^{-1}$ to ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{2+}$ $4d^{-1}5s^{-1}$ satellites and subsequent double Auger decay of these ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{2+}$ states to ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{4+}$ $5p^{-4}$.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 3

(Color online) Energy correlation map between two Auger electrons emitted from ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{+}$ $“4{p”}^{-1}$. Coincidence yields are plotted on a log scale. The islands of intense spots are assigned to the transitions from Coster-Kronig final ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{2+}$ states into ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{3+}$ with three valence holes, as denoted on the map. Except for the island corresponding to $4d^{-1}5s^{-1}$ $\text{satellites}\to 5p^{-3}$, the fast and slow Auger electrons are emitted, respectively, on the first and second steps of the ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{+}$ $“4{p”}^{-1}$ Auger decay. Branching ratios in the subsequent Auger decay from the Coster-Kronig final ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{2+}$ states, which are determined from the coincidence counts on this map, are summarized in Table . The top and right-hand panels show the projections of the coincidence yields onto the horizontal and vertical axes, respectively.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 4

(Color online) Yields of coincidences between two Auger electrons emitted from ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{+}$ $“4{p”}^{-1}$, as a function of binding energy of ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{2+}$ and that of ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{3+}$, where level-to-level correlations on ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{2+}$ $4d^{-1}5p^{-1}\to {\mathrm{Xe}}^{3+}$ $5p^{-3}$ are exhibited. The energy levels of the ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{2+}$ [12] and ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{3+}$ states [4, 18] are indicated with horizontal and vertical lines, respectively. Coincidence yields are plotted on a linear scale. The top and right-hand panels show the projections of the coincidence yields onto the horizontal and vertical axes, respectively.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 5

Sum of the energies of four electrons in quadruple coincidences between a $“4p”$ photoelectron and three Auger electrons. The ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{4+}$ binding energies, attached on the top, are calculated with the kinetic energy sums and the photon energy $\left(220.3\mathrm{eV}\right)$. The ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{4+}$ levels, derived from the relative energies of ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{4+}$ levels [19] and the present estimation of the ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{4+}$ threshold $\left(106.3\mathrm{eV}\right)$, are indicated with bars.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 6

(Color online) Energy correlation map among the three Auger electrons emitted on the formation of the ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{4+}$ $5p^{-4}$ states, plotted as (a) a function of fastest and middle Auger electrons’ energies and (b) that of fastest and slowest Auger electrons’ energies, and energy distribution curves of (c) the fastest, (d) middle, and (e) slowest Auger electrons. The binding energy range for the Auger final ${\mathrm{Xe}}^{4+}$ states is selected as $108–114.5\mathrm{eV}$. Coincidence yields in (a) and (b) are plotted on a common linear scale. The energy correlation maps in (a) and (b) represent clear coincidences among the fastest Auger electrons with approximately $33\mathrm{eV}$ and two other Auger electrons with less than $5\mathrm{eV}$.Reuse & Permissions