Kinematic approach to off-diagonal geometric phases of nondegenerate and degenerate mixed states

D. M. Tong, Erik Sjöqvist, Stefan Filipp, L. C. Kwek, and C. H. Oh

Phys. Rev. A 71, 032106 – Published 15 March 2005

Abstract

Off-diagonal geometric phases have been developed in order to provide information of the geometry of paths that connect noninterfering quantal states. We propose a kinematic approach to off-diagonal geometric phases for pure and mixed states. We further extend the mixed-state concept proposed in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 050403 (2003)] to degenerate density operators. The first- and second-order off-diagonal geometric phases are analyzed for unitarily evolving pairs of pseudopure states.

Received 11 May 2004

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.71.032106

Authors & Affiliations

D. M. Tong¹, Erik Sjöqvist^2,*, Stefan Filipp^3,4,†, L. C. Kwek^1,5, and C. H. Oh^1,‡

¹Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260, Singapore
²Department of Quantum Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 518, Se-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
³Atominstitut der Österreichischen Universitäten, Stadionallee 2, A-1020 Vienna, Austria
⁴Institut Laue Langevin, Boîte Postale 156, F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
⁵National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 639798, Singapore

^*Electronic address: eriks@kvac.uu.se
^†Electronic address: sfilipp@ati.ac.at
^‡Electronic address: phyohch@nus.edu.sg

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Vol. 71, Iss. 3 — March 2005

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