Figure 1

Temperature as a function of time during the laser cooling for four values of $\gamma$: $\gamma =10$ (solid lines), $\gamma =5$ (dashed lines), $\gamma =2.5$ (dashed-dotted lines), and $\gamma =1.25$ (dotted lines). Each pair of plots in this figure corresponds to $g=-0.32$ (lower temperature) and $g=-1$ (higher temperature). The lowest temperatures of $0.079T_F$ and $0.085T_F$, respectively can be reached for $\gamma =1.25$. On the other hand, the initial stage of laser cooling is efficient at most for $\gamma =10$, when the temperature of $0.15T_F$ is reached within 0.85 s. The inset shows laser cooling to the superfluid state with $g=-1$ realized in four stages to reach the lowest temperature in reasonable time. The spontaneous emission rate is switched as $\gamma =10\to 5\to 2.5\to 1.25$ at the temperatures $T/T_F=0.16$, 0.11, and 0.10, correspondingly.Reuse & Permissions

Figure 2

The maximal magnitude of the gap function in the center of the trap $|\Delta (r=0)|/\hslash \omega$ for the same simulations with $g=-1$ as in Fig. 1. The inset shows the gap in the four stage cooling of the inset of Fig. 1.Reuse & Permissions