Phase Diagram of Vortices in Superfluid <span class="aps-inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mrow><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span> <span class="aps-inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mi>H</mi><mi>e</mi><mo>−</mo><mi mathvariant="italic">A</mi></math></span>

Ü. Parts; J. M. Karimäki; J. H. Koivuniemi; M. Krusius; V. M. H. Ruutu; E. V. Thuneberg; G. E. Volovik

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.3320

Phase Diagram of Vortices in Superfluid $^{3}$ $H e - A$

Ü. Parts, J. M. Karimäki, J. H. Koivuniemi, M. Krusius, V. M. H. Ruutu, E. V. Thuneberg, and G. E. Volovik

Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 3320 – Published 30 October 1995

Abstract

Four alternative but topologically different structures of vorticity exist in rotating $^{3} H e - A$ . As a function of magnetic field ( $H$ ) and rotation velocity $(Ω)$ , we identify with NMR the type of vortex which is nucleated during cooling from the normal to the superfluid phase. The measurements are compared to the calculated equilibrium phase diagram of vortices in the $H - Ω$ plane at temperatures $T ≲ T_{c}$ . Slow transitions are found to reproduce the calculated equilibrium state.