Energy flow, partial equilibration, and effective temperatures in systems with slow dynamics

Leticia F. Cugliandolo, Jorge Kurchan, and Luca Peliti
Phys. Rev. E 55, 3898 – Published 1 April 1997
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Abstract

We show that, in nonequilibrium systems with small heat flows, there is a time-scale-dependent effective temperature that plays the same role as the thermodynamical temperature in that it controls the direction of heat flows and acts as a criterion for thermalization. We simultaneously treat the case of stationary systems with weak stirring and of glassy systems that age after cooling and show that they exhibit very similar behavior provided that time dependences are expressed in terms of the correlations of the system. We substantiate our claims with examples taken from solvable models with nontrivial low-temperature dynamics, but argue that they have a much wider range of validity. We suggest experimental checks of these ideas.

  • Received 11 November 1996

DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.55.3898

©1997 American Physical Society

Authors & Affiliations

Leticia F. Cugliandolo

  • Laboratoire de Physique Théorique des Liquides, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France

Jorge Kurchan

  • École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, F-69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France

Luca Peliti

  • Groupe de Physico-Chimie Théorique, CNRS URA 1382, ESPCI, 10 rue Vauquelin, F-75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
  • and Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Unit`a INFM, Universit`a 'Federico II,' Mostra d'Oltremare, Pad. 19, I-80125 Napoli, Italy

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Vol. 55, Iss. 4 — April 1997

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