Mutual conversion between a magnetic Néel hopfion and a Néel toron

Shuang Li, Jing Xia, Laichuan Shen, Xichao Zhang, Motohiko Ezawa, and Yan Zhou
Phys. Rev. B 105, 174407 – Published 9 May 2022
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  • INTRODUCTION
  • MODEL AND METHODS
  • RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
  • CONCLUSION
  • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
    • Supplemental Material
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    Abstract

    Three-dimensional (3D) magnetic textures attract much attention from researchers due to their fascinating structures and dynamic behaviors. The magnetic hopfion is a prominent example of a 3D magnetic texture. Here, we numerically study the mutual conversion between a Néel-type hopfion and a Néel-type toron under an external magnetic field. We also investigate the excitation modes of hopfions and torons in a film with strong perpendicular magnetic anisotropy. It is found that the Néel-type hopfion could be a stable state in the absence of the external magnetic field, and its diameter varies with the out-of-plane magnetic field. The Néel-type hopfion may transform into a Néel-type toron at an out-of-plane magnetic field of about 20 mT, where the cross-section structure is a Néel-type skyrmion. The hopfion and toron show different excitation modes in the presence of an in-plane microwave magnetic field. Our results provide a method to realize the conversion between a Néel-type hopfion and a Néel-type toron, which also opens a path to distinguish between a Néel-type hopfion and a Néel-type toron based on their excitation modes.

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    • Received 23 December 2021
    • Revised 17 April 2022
    • Accepted 2 May 2022

    DOI:https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.105.174407

    ©2022 American Physical Society

    Physics Subject Headings (PhySH)

    1. Research Areas
    Magnetic interactionsMagnetic phase transitionsMagnetic textureMicromagnetism
    Condensed Matter, Materials & Applied Physics

    Authors & Affiliations

    Shuang Li1, Jing Xia2, Laichuan Shen3, Xichao Zhang4, Motohiko Ezawa5,*, and Yan Zhou1,†

    • 1School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
    • 2College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu 610068, China
    • 3The Center for Advanced Quantum Studies and Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
    • 4Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Shinshu University, Wakasato 4-17-1, Nagano 380-8553, Japan
    • 5Department of Applied Physics, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan

    • *ezawa@ap.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp
    • †zhouyan@cuhk.edu.cn

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    Issue

    Vol. 105, Iss. 17 — 1 May 2022

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