LINEUPS

Lineups are conducted in the course of police investigations when a crime has been witnessed by one or more people. A lineup typically consists of a person whom the police believe committed the crime (i.e., the suspect) and some number of people who are known to be innocent of the crime (i.e., fillers). When the police have developed a suspect, they show witnesses a lineup to test whether they will claim that the suspect is the person who committed the crime (i.e., the perpetrator). If so, the witness is said to have made a positive identification of the suspect. What is not clear, at least in real-world investigations, is whether that identification is correct, because sometimes suspects are guilty and sometimes they are innocent. Since the late 1970s, psychologists have conducted experiments to find lineup procedures that decrease the likelihood that witnesses will mistakenly identify innocent suspects. These experiments are typically conducted in laboratory settings in which researchers expose participants to a simulated crime, often on videotape. After the participant-witnesses have viewed the crime, they are asked to attempt an identification from a lineup. In the laboratory, researchers can vary whether the perpetrator appears in that lineup. When the perpetrator is present in the lineup (i.e., a target-present lineup), the witness can identify the suspect (a correct identification), identify a filler, or say that the perpetrator is not there (an incorrect rejection of the lineup). When the perpetrator is not present (i.e., a target-absent lineup), the witness can make a mistaken identification of the suspect, identify a filler, or correctly reject the lineup. Using this method, researchers have identified lineup procedures that decrease mistaken identifications, which are the leading cause of wrongful convictions among those who have been exonerated by DNA tests conducted after trial. This article contains sections describing comprehensive General Overviews of research on lineups, research demonstrating that Live Lineups Are Equivalent to Photo Lineups, and Policy Recommendations and Best Practice Guidelines. The remaining sections describe many of these policy recommendations, including how Lineups Are Superior to Showups, having an Evidence-Based Suspicion for placing a suspect in a lineup, unbiased Lineup Composition, Double-Blind Administration, proper Lineup Instructions, collecting witnesses’ Confidence Statements in the accuracy of their identification immediately after the initial identification, Video Recording Identification Procedures, and avoiding Repeated Lineups. An additional section addresses special issues that need to be considered when Conducting Lineups with Children.


ON YOUR SCREEN
Saturday's dual will be streamed live on B1G+ with former Hawkeyes Alex Marinelli and Kaleb Young on the call.

ON THE MAT
The second-ranked University of Iowa wrestling team returns to Carver-Hawkeye Arena to host No. 21 Penn on Saturday at 2 p.m. (CT).
• The Hawkeyes will also send wrestlers to the Cyclone Open on Saturday in Ames, Iowa. Action begins at 9 a.m. (CT) from Hilton Coliseum.

FOLLOW ALONG LIVE
• Saturday's dual will be streamed live on B1G+ with former Hawkeyes Alex Marinelli and Kaleb Young on the call. It is a paid subscription service.
• Iowa wrestling events are broadcast by AM-800 KXIC and streamed on hawkeyesports.com via YouTube. Steven Grace and Mark Ironside will call the action for Hawkeye Sports Properties, a property of Learfield.
• Live results will be available via TrackWrestling.

LAST MEET
The Hawkeyes went 3-0 on their trip to New York, posting wins over Army, Sacred Heart and Buffalo. Iowa won 23 of its 30 matches during the trip with four Hawkeyes --Cullan Schriever, Max Murin, Abe Assad and Tony Cassioppi --posting three wins apiece.

COBE JOINS THE RANKINGS
For the first time in his career, junior Cobe Siebrecht has joined the national rankings, as he comes in at No. 29 at 157 pounds in the Nov. 22 Intermat rankings.
• The Lisbon, Iowa, native is 3-0 this season --all three by bonus points. Siebrecht majored Army's No. 28 Nate Lukez on Nov. 17 for his first career ranked win and he moved up a weight class and earned a major over Buffalo's Noah Grover a day later at 165.

MATCHES, FALLS
Senior Tony Cassioppi hasn't wrestled beyond the first period in his first four matches of the season. The Roscoe, Illinois, native has falls in 2:13, 1:26, 1:28 and 0:53 for a grand total of 5:20 of mat time.
• It is the second time in his career he has pinned four consecutive opponents. In 2020-21 during his sophomore season, Cassioppi had four straight falls and six pins in a seven-match stretch.

MURIN STEPS UP
After winning four matches with bonus points during the 2021-22 season, redshirt senior Max Murin has matched that total in his first four matches in 2022-23. • Murin has two major decisions and two technical falls in his four matches. The Ebensburg, Pennsylvania, native is ranked as high as No. 6 in the Intermat rankings.

PK PUTS ON A SHOW
• Sophomore Patrick Kennedy has scored 20 or more points in all three of his matches this season in producing two technical falls and a major decision.   (1983,1994,2005,2016) and four NCAA Championships (1986,1991,1995,2001

NOV. 26, 2022 2022-23 HAWKEYE STATISTICAL LEADERS (attached competitors)
Overall Wins In 16 seasons as Iowa's head coach, Brands has led the Hawkeyes to four NCAA and six Big Ten team titles, crowning 13 NCAA champions, 23 Big Ten champions and 94 All-Americans. Iowa has had 156 Academic All-Big Ten recipients, including a school- Brands has been named NWCA National Coach of the Year three times. He was first honored in 2008 after leading the Hawkeyes to their first NCAA team title since 2000. He was recognized in 2020 when the top-ranked Hawkeyes won Big Ten regular season and tournament championships and entered the NCAA Championships as the favorite to win the team title. The tournament was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. He most recently won the award in 2021 when Iowa won Big Ten and NCAA team titles.