Estimated excess mortality figures in the year 2020-2021 in casentino municipalities (Italy)

Abstract Background In 2020, the total deaths from all causes were the highest ever recorded in Italy since World War II (15.6% excess), with peaks during Sars-Cov2 waves and reductions in periods of national lockdown. On the contrary, in 2021, the total number of deaths from all causes reduced compared to the previous year. Analysing local mortality data, our study aims to assess whether, in the Casentino Valley (Arezzo, Tuscany), an excess of deaths from all causes occurred between January 2020 and December 2021 compared to the five years 2015-2019. Methods We used the official mortality data from the Italian Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), and that are published in the Table of deaths by the municipality on March 2, 2022. From this database, we extrapolated all deaths from all causes between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021, in the 10 municipalities of Casentino. The data collected were processed using Microsoft Excel 2016 software. We then distinguished by total per month, gender, and age group and then compared these data with the previous five years’ average by calculating the percentage change. Results Overall, both the years 2020 and 2021, it is shown an increase in the deaths percentages compared to the previous five-year period, respectively 5.66% and 8.07%. In particular, there is an excess of mortality in November and December 2020. The increase in mortality is more remarkable for males (13% in 2020 and 20% in 2021). The highest percentage increase was recorded in 2021 for the 75-84 age group (+15%) and in 2020 for males over 85 (+29%). Conclusions The data analysed confirms the excess mortality in 2020-2021 compared to the average of the previous 5 years in Casentino. There are peaks in November and December 2020, corresponding with the second wave of Sars Cov2 infection. The results obtained establish the basis for subsequent analyses that will verify the correlation of mortality peaks with the incidence of Sars-Cov2 cases in the territory studied. Key messages • Between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021 there was an excess of all-cause mortality in our area. • This excess mortality appears to be related to peaks in Sars-Cov2 infection.


Background:
In 2020, the total deaths from all causes were the highest ever recorded in Italy since World War II (15.6% excess), with peaks during Sars-Cov2 waves and reductions in periods of national lockdown. On the contrary, in 2021, the total number of deaths from all causes reduced compared to the previous year. Analysing local mortality data, our study aims to assess whether, in the Casentino Valley (Arezzo, Tuscany), an excess of deaths from all causes occurred between January 2020 and December 2021 compared to the five years 2015-2019.

Methods:
We used the official mortality data from the Italian Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), and that are published in the Table of deaths by the municipality on March 2, 2022. From this database, we extrapolated all deaths from all causes between January 1, 2020, and December 31, 2021, in the 10 municipalities of Casentino. The data collected were processed using Microsoft Excel 2016 software. We then distinguished by total per month, gender, and age group and then compared these data with the previous five years' average by calculating the percentage change.

Results:
Overall, both the years 2020 and 2021, it is shown an increase in the deaths percentages compared to the previous five-year period, respectively 5.66% and 8.07%. In particular, there is an excess of mortality in November and December 2020. The increase in mortality is more remarkable for males (13% in 2020 and 20% in 2021). The highest percentage increase was recorded in 2021 for the 75-84 age group (+15%) and in 2020 for males over 85 (+29%).

Conclusions:
The data analysed confirms the excess mortality in 2020-2021 compared to the average of the previous 5 years in Casentino. There are peaks in November and December 2020, corresponding with the second wave of Sars Cov2 infection. The results obtained establish the basis for subsequent analyses that will verify the correlation of mortality peaks with the incidence of Sars-Cov2 cases in the territory studied.

Background:
Mongolia is a landlocked country, and has been divided into 21 provinces plus the capital city Ulaanbaatar. In our country, Covid-19 was the first internal case (15 Nov 2020) and the first wave of pandemic occurred (peak at 14 Jun 2021) ten months later on World's first case and wave. The second and third waves were also delayed by two months, but the fourth wave occurred just in parallel (peak on 17 Jan 2022).

Methods:
This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study. We have compared incidence rate (IR) and case-fatality rates (CFR) in provinces by age groups based on publicly available data reported by MoH from January to December of 2021. Results: CFR in Mongolia was low (average 0.23%), and had a clear dynamic to drop from beginning to the present time (for I wave-0.49, and II-0.42, III-0.23, IV-0.04 correspondently). At the beginning of the III waves, we vaccinated 68.7% of the total population, and in the fourth wave, CFR significantly decreased. IR had two peaks: in the age group 30-34 (250.6) and over 85 (248.9). There was a strong correlation between age and morbidity. Up to age group 40-44 (0.12 %), there was a deliberate increase of CFR, further up to 65-69 ages (2.7%) gradual increase, and from age group 70-74 CFR rapidly increases reaching 10.5% at age group over 85. IR was higher in men aged 65 years and over. CFR was significantly higher in Ulaanbaatar city and Umnugovi province morbidity due to Covid-19 not being registered.

Conclusions:
Vaccination in Mongolia was a key factor in declining fatality. Umnugovi province is crucial for exports to China, so we iii440 European Journal of Public Health, Volume 32 Supplement 3, 2022