Analysis of the Effect of Parking on Road Bodies on Road Service Levels

The city of Merauke is now one of the fastest cities in Papua Province. Along with the high urban accessibility, the city of Merauke is also included as a city with heavy traffic. Business Complex cannot be separated from the pull of traffic movement, often causing traffic jams, one of which is caused by the presence of illegal parking on the street (on-street parking). This research was conducted on primary road qualifications, namely the Mandala highway. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of road service and the degree of saturation and the effect of road performance services due to on-street parking. Research methods conducted include a volume survey with traffic counts and parking observations. The calculation uses the 1997 Indonesian Road Capacity Manual (MKJI). Based on the results of calculation traffic volume on weekdays during peak hours under normal conditions, the service level B (0.21-0.44). From the results of these calculations indicate that the performance of the Mandala Highway is classified as busy traffic. Whereas on weekdays with the condition that there is on-street parking, the service level decreases to C (0.45-0.74) in five hours during busy times. The results of this calculation indicate that the performance of the Mandala Highway will decrease by one level if there is parking on the road body (on-street parking).

Transportation problems such as traffic congestion is already a major problem in urban road traffic. Traffic congestion caused by the high value of degrees of saturation of traffic flow and is considered a very intrusive activity of the population. Congestion will cause a negative impact to the driver or road users due to the longer travel time. The activity diverse population would have caused the flow of movement that must be matched by adequate roads [2,3]. But in reality, often IOP Publishing doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/1125/1/012014 2 occurs saturation traffic flow at some particular point in Jalan Raya Mandala which is a primary arterial road in urban areas that consist of some type of pull traffic. One type of high traffic attraction is shopping complex. This is due to the influence of the roadside barriers that greatly affect the performance of roads. One form of side barriers most often found in the shopping district is the parking activity using the road (on-street parking). The width of the roads used by park activities would reduce the ability of these roads to accommodate the flow of passing vehicles, or in other words a decrease in the capacity of roads [4,5]. Control of on-street parking is the most important thing to control the traffic that the value of degrees of saturation traffic can be minimized.
The level of service is determined by the speed roads and degrees of saturation [6,7]. But for the level of service a primary arterial road network system, the service level of at least B [8]. The level of service is formulated as the ratio between the volume of vehicles with road capacity. The higher volume of vehicles passing by the level of service will be lower and vice versa. This means that the lower the level of service the costs and time incurred by road users will be higher and the travel time will be longer and vice versa [9]. User's transportation services from year to year have increased, and therefore required the addition of the facility requirements to meet service levels as well as the satisfaction of the service user, and it is one measure of success for the manager of the road [10]. Research that has no reference to those set forth more tends to calculate in terms of vehicle speed, assuming the faster a vehicle, the better the level of service it while renewal of this study was to determine the impact of traffic due to parking on the body way in terms of the measurement of degrees of saturation traffic the.

Research methods
Broadly speaking, the methodology used to determine the degrees of saturation of roads due to activities on-street parking in the shopping area of Mandala Street is to do a survey. The stages of the survey as follows:  The preparation phase, an ie literature study on the effect of parking on the road against the performance of roads were obtained from various sources or literature.  The data collection phase, where data obtained by observation/ field surveys in the form of geometric road conditions, traffic, environmental conditions, and the activities of existing parking in the street segment.  Data analysis stage in the can on the ground by calculating the capacity of roads, the ratio V / C, and the traffic density numbers (degrees of saturation). The research was conducted in Jalan Mandala, District of Merauke, Merauke Regency is conducted on Monday and Thursday working days. The Time survey conducted at peak hours is 7:00 a.m. to 9:00 o'clock in the morning, lunch from 11:00 to 13:00 and 16:00 to 6:00 p.m. afternoon.

Survey Volume Lalu Lintas
Traffic volume data collection is done by manual count method is the calculation of the volume of traffic in a simple way, count every vehicle that passes an observation point on the road section.

Survey side obstacle survey
In the survey side friction required to seek capacity based Dep.PU (1997). The survey was conducted at peak hours. In a survey of the obstacles side, there are several provisions that the indicator observations in the form of the number of pedestrians who walk or wade the 200 meters along the road segment, number of vehicles stopping and parking, number of vehicles that enter and exit to/from the land side of the road and the side road and the number of vehicles, not motorized (bicycle, tricycle, wagon, etc.).

Teknik Analisa data
Free-flow speed has a connection with the degree of saturation. It can be seen from the graph related to the speed level of service as the classification of the degree of saturation as in table 1. The speed on a road determined by degrees of saturation that is obtained after dividing the total flow (Q) and the capacity of the road (C).

DS = Q/C
(1) To know the value Qsmp/jam then it must first obtain the value Q vehicle/ jam so that it can do multiplication on the equivalence factor. The multiplier can be seen in Table 2 [11]. Meanwhile, to get the value of the capacity (C) it is necessary to calculate the value of the basic capacity (C0), bandwidth (FCw), the dividing direction (FCsp), the side barriers (FCsf) and the size of the city (FCCS)

Capacity Analysis of Roads
Based on the geometric data and environmental condition data roads obtained from the survey in the study area, the obtained values C0, FCw, FCsp, FCsf, FCcs as follows:

Basic capacity (C0).
Acquired basic capacity is determined based on the number of lanes and paths that exist in the study area. Jalan Raya Mandala is a 4 lane road divided by a 2-way base capacity (C0 = 1650 smp / hour total two-way)  From the survey, we can know the difference between the characteristics of the traffic on the working and holidays. At certain hours on weekdays changes in the level of service. This is a direct result of the activities of the parking conditions on the road (on-street parking) on the characteristics of the traffic on these roads.

Conclusion
The existence of on-street parking in the roadway Mandala greatly affect the decline in performance on the road section tears but in working hours. This is due to the declining value of the adjustment IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1757-899X/1125/1/012014 8 factor due to the width of traffic lanes (FCW). The movement of traffic under normal conditions of roads Raya Mandala has service levels on average in the level of service B with a value of degrees of saturation highest is 0:44 and after the commencement of the on-street parking service levels experienced a drastic change, that is decreasing to 5 hours of service at service level B be service level C with the value of the highest degrees of saturation 0:47. Unlike the day of the level of service on the roadway Mandala is not affected by the on-street parking. This is due to the low number of vehicles in volume during holidays. Given the magnitude of the effect on-street parking on the performance of these roads as well as referring to the law. No. 22 in 2009 on the Law of Traffic and Transportation, so that there should be traffic-control officers from the police to take action against vehicles that will be parked on the road.